Blog

  • Monster: The Ed Gein Story Ends by Reminding Us of a Much Better Show

    Monster: The Ed Gein Story Ends by Reminding Us of a Much Better Show

    This article contains spoilers for Monster: The Ed Gein Story. Ryan Murphy and co.’s latest Monster has finally dropped on Netflix, and post-release, there’s been a bit of a commotion. Some of that commotion is expected: blurring the lines between fact and fiction is not uncommon in dramatic retellings of true crimes, and The Ed […]

    The post Monster: The Ed Gein Story Ends by Reminding Us of a Much Better Show appeared first on Den of Geek.

    Jason movies aren’t supposed to be good. Heck, they weren’t even supposed to be about Jason. Back in the late 1970s, producer Sean S. Cunningham saw the financial success of Halloween and an opportunity to cash in himself. So he took out an ad for a movie called Friday the 13th, riffing on the holiday theme of the John Carpenter film.

    Only later did he come up with the idea of a whodunnit, in which a killer begins menacing counselors trying to reopen a camp years after a youth named Jason Voorhees drowned there. As everyone now knows, that killer was Jason’s mother Pamela Voorhees, who wanted to prevent Camp Crystal Lake from over operating again. The shock ending of that film, in which Jason emerges from the water to grab a final girl, was only tacked on because Cunningham wanted to copy the shock ending of Carrie.

    cnx.cmd.push(function() {
    cnx({
    playerId: “106e33c0-3911-473c-b599-b1426db57530”,

    }).render(“0270c398a82f44f49c23c16122516796”);
    });

    Creativity wasn’t the goal. Money was. And, to that end, Cunningham and Paramount Pictures succeeded, as Friday the 13th was a massive hit, as were its first few sequels. And yet, somehow, creativity happened nonetheless. In the second movie, Jason took the spotlight, supplanting his mother. And midway through the third movie, Jason got his signature mask, fully becoming a horror icon.

    As you might expect, that digressive path resulted in films of varying quality. Not all of the Friday the 13th movies are great, but they all offer something worth watching—if only the grisly death of some camp counselor of ill-repute.

    12. Friday the 13th (2009)

    12. Friday the 13th (2009)

    Who, exactly, is the 2009 remake Friday the 13th for? One would think that a reboot of the series would try to clarify the franchise’s famously ambling and imprecise timeline to make things easier for new viewers. Instead, the opening 30 minutes of Friday the 13th (2009) try to compress the first three films into one prologue, complete with killer Pamela (portrayed here by Nana Visitor of Star Trek: Deep Space Nine fame) and baghead Jason. The opening only confuses newcomers and feeds long-time fans insubstantial ‘member berries, pleasing no one–which accurately sums up the movie.

    Which isn’t to say that the reboot doesn’t have its charms. Derek Mears is fantastic as a more feral Jason, trading dynamic energy for the usual slow-moving beast of previous films. The cast does a great job with its young adult jerks, and the movie pulls off a surprising final girl fake out. Still, Friday the 13th 2009 never shakes the feeling of being a fan film instead of a proper entry in the series.

    11. Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan (1989)

    11. Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan (1989)

    For more than three and a half decades, people have been making fun of this movie for the fact that most of it takes place on a boat and the “New York” sections are actually Vancouver. And you know what? Jason Takes Manhattan deserves all that ridicule! Why give the eighth Friday the 13th entry that name if you’re never going to actually be in Manhattan (outside of some second unit stuff shot for the opening credits)?

    Honestly, we could forgive a boat and we could forgive Canada if anything interesting happened in the movie. But, outside of a couple of cool kills, nothing does. Instead, Jason Takes Manhattan spends way too much time once again mythologizing the death of young Jason (which may or may not have happened, depending on the status of Fridays II, III, and IV). In the end, Jason Takes Manhattan succeeds at nothing: not drama, not horror, and not even taking Manhattan.

    10. Friday the 13th Part III (1983)

    10. Friday the 13th Part III (1983)

    Cunningham and Paramount knew that after the first two entries, Friday the 13th ran the risk of becoming rote and predictable. They knew they had to shake things up. However, they made perhaps the worst possible decision for the gimmick that would differentiate the series. They decided that Part III would be in 3-D.

    Outside of that, everything in Part III covers familiar ground, from the group of counselors reopening the camp to the hicks who become early cannon fodder to a “shocker” ending, in which Pamela emerges from the lake to grab the final girl. And unless you’re using the flimsy blue and red 3D glasses that get distributed with modern releases, or unless you saw a special screening at a repertory theater, you’re watching all of this in 2-D, making the pointy bits annoying instead of compelling. At least Part III finally gives Jason his hockey mask. Outside of that, everything in this movie is a dud.

    9. Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday (1993)

    9. Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday (1993)

    Like Jason Takes Manhattan, Jason Goes to Hell doesn’t live up to a single part of its title. No, Jason doesn’t spend time in Hell in this movie. Instead, he’s skulking around a New Jersey town. No, it’s not the final Friday movie, as this list shows. Most shockingly of all, Jason isn’t even in Jason Goes to Hell, as he gets blown up by government agents in the cold open.

    Instead, Jason Goes to Hell directly rips from The Hidden to introduce a bunch of nonsense lore about Jason being a demonic worm that can jump into other bodies. So instead of seeing Kane Hodder or any other big dude play Jason, we get to see Jason as character actors Richard Grant or Stephen Culp, hardly imposing figures. That said, Jason Goes to Hell commits so much to its absurd premise that it does provide some wacky fun for those who don’t get hung up on Friday the 13th lore.

    8. Freddy vs. Jason (2003)

    8. Freddy vs. Jason (2003)

    Freddy is the winner of Freddy vs. Jason. Yes, we all know that New Line Cinema wanted to keep the actual outcome of their monster mash ambiguous, letting Jason behead the Nightmare on Elm Street monster, but having Freddy give the camera a knowing wink at the end. But there’s no question that Freddy vs. Jason is an okay Freddy movie and a terrible Jason movie.

    Sure, Jason gets in some cool kills and there is a part where he rips off Freddy’s arms and attacks him with them. But outside of that, director Ronny Yu’s hyper fight style and reliance on digital effects suit Freddy much better than they do Jason and, to his credit, Robert Englund has a blast reprising his signature role. All in all, Freddy vs. Jason manages to be a functional monster mash with a pretty coherent story. But if you’re here for Jason, you’ll be pretty disappointed.

    7. Friday the 13th (1980)

    7. Friday the 13th (1980)

    As discussed earlier, the first Friday the 13th is little more than a rip off of Halloween with a little bit of Carrie. It doesn’t even get to call itself the best camp slasher of the era, as The Burning comes out next year. Instead, it’s a pretty by-the-numbers whodunnit with none of the flash or style of the Italian Giallo that precede it.

    And yet, Friday the 13th does have two marks in its favor. First, the movie has an absolute ringer in Betsy Palmer as Pamela Voorhees. She fully chews the scenery in her final scenes, convincingly pulling a reverse Norman Bates routine and channeling her son. Second, Friday the 13th has effects by Tom Savini, who gives the film a level of gore quality that, frankly, it doesn’t deserve. If the movie never went onto spawn any sequels, it would be remembered as a curio. Instead, it has to fall midway on a ranking in the franchise it started.

    6. Friday the 13th Part V: A New Beginning (1985)

    6. Friday the 13th Part V: A New Beginning (1985)

    Paramount tried to keep its word. The studio really did kill Jason Voorhees in Friday the 13th Part IV. And when box office receipts made it clear that they couldn’t just ignore this profitable franchise, Paramount tried to go back to the drawing board. A New Beginning is another whodunnit with a new person doing the killing. Is it Jason, back from the dead? Is it Tommy Jarvis, the troubled boy who was sent to a juvenile home after killing the killer in the previous entry?

    No, it’s Roy, an ambulance driver we see once at the start of the movie, who goes on a killing spree after his annoying son is murdered by a teen with an anger problem. That massive flub aside–and it is a big one–A New Beginning is actually kinda fun. And it has an all-timer of a kill sequence, thanks to the ever-reliable Miguel Nuñez Jr., an outhouse, and some burritos.

    5. Friday the 13th Part VII: The New Blood (1988)

    5. Friday the 13th Part VII: The New Blood (1988)

    The biggest knock against Freddy vs. Jason is that it learned nothing from the far superior seventh entry in the franchise, in which Freddy fights Carrie White. Okay, it’s not really Carrie White, but teen Tina (Lar Park Lincoln) does have the same psychokinetic powers and parent issues as the famous character from the Stephen King novel and Brian DePalma film. On the orders of her unscrupulous therapist, Tina goes to Camp Crystal Lake for isolated study, and inadvertently brings Jason back from his watery grave.

    From there on, The New Blood gives Jason plenty of room to do what he does best. As so often happens with the top entries on this list, censors did cut down a lot of the movie, which diminishes the shock of its best kill scenes. But even if we don’t get all the bloody gory, there’s something triumphant in watching Jason shove a weed eater into the therapist’s face.

    4. Friday the 13th Part 2 (1981)

    4. Friday the 13th Part 2 (1981)

    It wouldn’t be accurate to say that this list would not exist without Friday the 13th Part 2. But that statement isn’t totally inaccurate either. Part 2 took everything good about its predecessor and did it better, actually giving us Jason in the flesh and an excellent final girl in Ginny (Amy Steel).

    Moreover, Part 2 is the first example of what the franchise actually becomes. A bunch of teens come to the camp, and Jason (wearing a burlap bag instead of the hockey mask that would be his trademark) kills them in inventive, gory ways. Between the pure energy of the kills and an actually intelligent final girl in Ginny, Part II makes a strong case for Friday the 13th as a reputable series.

    3. Jason X (2001)

    3. Jason X (2001)

    If Friday the 13th Part 2 says that Jason deserves respect, then Jason X suggests maybe he doesn’t. And that’s a good thing. Jason X belongs the the long and strange line of horror movies that send their killers to space, and while that model has mixed results when it comes to the Leprechaun or Pinhead, it works perfectly with Jason.

    Well, mostly perfectly. Jason X wants so very badly to be a Kevin Williamson or Joss Whedon movie, and its characters–and there are so many characters–can’t say anything without dripping it in snark. Yet, these annoyances aside, it’s hard not to cheer when uber-Jason takes the stage or when he’s killing people with space-age weapons and chemicals.

    2. Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives (1986)

    2. Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives (1986)

    Part VI: Jason Lives was Scream before Scream. Okay, okay, that’s going too far. But Part VI has a metatextual quality that both celebrates the ridiculousness of the franchise and locates it firmly within horror history. Jason Lives completes the Tommy Jarvis trilogy with yet another actor playing the part (Thom Matthews here), but it makes him into a proper Jason hunter and gives him a reason to accidentally resurrect the killer.

    Better yet, the movie manages to balance clever quips with good kills. There’s, of course, the James Bond opening in which Jason throws a machete at the screen. But there’s also the pitch black joke when one kid, realizing that Jason is coming to get him, turns to another and asks, “So, what did you want to be when you grew up?” A genuinely smart Friday the 13th movie? Believe it or not, yes!

    1. Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter (1984)

    1. Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter (1984)

    It took four movies for Friday the 13th to get it right. But, man, did it get it really right! The Final Chapter is the platonic ideal of a slasher movie. It’s lean, it has interesting victims, and it has some incredible and memorable kills. It even has a great kid performance from Corey Feldman as Tommy Jarvis at his youngest and awesome Savini effects.

    The plot of The Final Chapter isn’t anything special. Again, we have teens coming to party at the campground, at the same time that single mom Mrs. Jarvis (Joan Freeman) arrives with her kids Trish (Kimberly Beck) and Tommy. But that sparse plot leaves room for some great kills and for the teens to distinguish themselves. I mean, when you have Crispin Glover as a slasher movie teen, you don’t need any plot. Sparse and simple, The Final Chapter is what every Friday the 13th movie should be.

    The post Friday the 13th Movies Ranked appeared first on Den of Geek.

  • Keanu Reeves Offers an Intriguing Constantine 2 Update

    Keanu Reeves Offers an Intriguing Constantine 2 Update

    Consstantine didn’t specifically ignite the box office when it first debuted in 2005, but it did pique some curiosity in a movie for fans of the favorite DC Comics detective’s occult adventures, which included one of the precious DC Comics detective’s adventures. Since then, Constantine has joined other DC superheroes]… ]

    The first article on Den of Geek: Keanu Reeves Offers an Intriguing Constantine 2 Update was first published.

    Jason videos aren&#8217, t supposed to be good. They weren’t actually supposed to be about Jason, hmm. Back in the late 1970s, maker Sean S. Cunningham saw the economic achievements of Halloween and an opportunity to cash in himself. In response, he ran an advertisement for a film called Friday the 13th that was a riff on the John Carpenter movie’s holiday design.

    Only later did he come up with the idea of a whodunnit, in which a criminal begins menacing lawyers trying to restart a camp times after a junior named Jason Voorhees drowned it. As everyone is well aware, Jason&#8217, Pamela Voorhees, Jason’s family, wanted to stop Camp Crystal Lake from reopening. The shock end of that picture, in which Jason emerges from the water to get a last lady, was only tacked on because Cunningham wanted to copy the shock ending of Carrie.

    cnx. powershell. cnx ( playerId:” 106e33c0-3911-473c-b599-b1426db57530 ), ): function ( ). render ( “0270c398a82f44f49c23c16122516796” ), }),

    Creativity wasn’t the end aim, either. Cash was. And to accomplish that, Cunningham and Paramount Pictures succeeded, as Friday the 13th was a huge hit, as were its second some sequels. And still, apparently, imagination happened yet. In the next film, Jason stepped up and replaced his mother. And midway through the next movie, Jason got his name face, entirely becoming a dread image.

    As you might have guessed, those movies had varying levels of quality as a result of this prolix course. Not all of the Friday the 13th shows are wonderful, but they all offer something for watching—if just the terrible death of some camp counsellor of ill-repute.

    12. Friday the 13th ( 2009 )

    12. Friday the 13th ( 2009 )

    Who specifically is the target of the 2009 version of Friday the 13th? One would assume that a reboot of the collection may try to clarify the franchise&#8217, s reportedly wandering and vague timeline to make things easier for fresh viewers. Instead, Friday the 13th ( 2009 )’s first 30 minutes attempt to condense the first three movies into a single prologue, complete with killer Pamela ( portrayed by Nana Visitor of Star Trek: Deep Space Nine ) and baghead Jason. The opening only confuses newcomers and feeds long-time fans insubstantial &#8216, member berries, pleasing no one&#8211, which accurately sums up the movie.

    Which is not to say that the reboot lacks charm, though. Derek Mears is fantastic as a more feral Jason, trading dynamic energy for the usual slow-moving beast of previous films. The film pulls off a surprising final girl fake out and does a great job with its young adult jerks. Still, Friday the 13th 2009 never shakes the feeling of being a fan film instead of a proper entry in the series.

    11. Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan ( 1989 )

    11. Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan ( 1989 )

    People have been making fun of this film for more than three and a half decades because the majority of it is shot on a boat and the majority of the New York and Vancouver sections. And you know what? Jason Takes Manhattan deserves all the sneering praise! Why give the eighth Friday the 13th entry that name if you &#8217, re never going to actually be in Manhattan (outside of some second unit stuff shot for the opening credits )?

    Sincerely, if anything interesting happened in the movie, we could forgive a boat and we could forgive Canada. But, outside of a couple of cool kills, nothing does. Jason Takes Manhattan instead spends way too much time mythologizing the tragic passing of a young Jason ( which, depending on the status of Fridays II, III, and IV ), again. In the end, Jason Takes Manhattan succeeds at nothing: not drama, not horror, and not even taking Manhattan.

    10. Friday the 13th Part III ( 1983 )

    10. Friday the 13th Part III ( 1983 )

    After the first two entries, Friday the 13th ran the risk of becoming predictable and rote. Cunningham and Paramount were aware of this. They knew they had to shake things up. However, they made the most imprecise choice possible regarding the gimmick, which would set the series apart. They decided that Part III would be in 3-D.

    Everything in Part III is well-known, from the group of counselors reopening the camp to the hicks who turn into early cannon fodder to the shocking ending in which Pamela emerges from the lake to grab the final girl. And unless you &#8217, re using the flimsy blue and red 3D glasses that get distributed with modern releases, or unless you saw a special screening at a repertory theater, you &#8217, re watching all of this in 2-D, making the pointy bits annoying instead of compelling. Jason receives his hockey mask at the end of Part III. Outside of that, everything in this movie is a dud.

    9. Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday ( 1993 )

    9. Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday ( 1993 )

    Like Jason Takes Manhattan, Jason Goes to Hell falls short of the title’s intended use. No, Jason does n&#8217, t spend time in Hell in this movie. He&#8217 is instead scurrying through a small town in New Jersey. No, it &#8217, s not the final Friday movie, as this list shows. The most shocking of all is Jason, who isn’t even mentioned in Jason Goes to Hell when he is blown up by government agents in the cold air.

    Instead, Jason Goes to Hell directly rips from The Hidden to introduce a bunch of nonsense lore about Jason being a demonic worm that can jump into other bodies. So Jason is cast as Richard Grant or Stephen Culp, not as imposing as Kane Hodder or any other big-boy actor, which is not what we get. That said, Jason Goes to Hell commits so much to its absurd premise that it does provide some wacky fun for those who don&#8217, t get hung up on Friday the 13th lore.

    8. Freddy vs. Jason ( 2003 )

    8. Freddy vs. Jason ( 2003 )

    Freddy wins the Freddy vs. Jason game. Yes, we all know that New Line Cinema wanted to keep the actual outcome of their monster mash ambiguous, letting Jason behead the Nightmare on Elm Street monster, but having Freddy give the camera a knowing wink at the end. However, it is unquestionable that Freddy vs. Jason is both a good and bad Jason movie.

    Sure, Jason gets in some cool kills and there is a part where he rips off Freddy &#8217, s arms and attacks him with them. However, Ronny Yu&#8217, the director, does much better with Freddy than Jason, and Robert Englund is fantastic reprising his signature role. All in all, Freddy vs. Jason manages to be a functional monster mash with a pretty coherent story. However, you’ll be disappointed if you’re here for Jason.

    7. The 13th of September ( 1980 )

    7. The 13th of September ( 1980 )

    As discussed earlier, the first Friday the 13th is little more than a rip off of Halloween with a little bit of Carrie. Because The Burning is coming out next year, it doesn’t even get to call itself the best camp slasher of the era. Instead, it &#8217, s a pretty by-the-numbers whodunnit with none of the flash or style of the Italian Giallo that precede it.

    However, Friday the 13th receives two favorable marks. First, the movie has an absolute ringer in Betsy Palmer as Pamela Voorhees. In her final scenes, she convincingly pulls a reverse Norman Bates routine and channels her son, fully chewing on the scenery. Second, Friday the 13th has effects by Tom Savini, who gives the film a level of gore quality that, frankly, it does n&#8217, t deserve. It would be remembered as a curio if the film didn’t produce any sequels. Instead, it has to fall midway on a ranking in the franchise it started.

    6. Friday the 13th Part V: A New Beginning ( 1985 )

    6. Friday the 13th Part V: A New Beginning ( 1985 )

    Paramount made an effort to keep its word. The studio really did kill Jason Voorhees in Friday the 13th Part IV. Paramount attempted to return to the drawing board when box office receipts made it clear that they couldn’t just ignore this profitable franchise. A New Beginning is another whodunnit with a new person doing the killing. Has Jason come back from the dead? Is it Tommy Jarvis, the troubled boy who was sent to a juvenile home after killing the killer in the previous entry?

    No, it’s Roy, an ambulance driver who appears once in the first scene of the film, who commits murder after his obnoxious son is killed by a young, angry teen. That massive flub aside&#8211, and it is a big one&#8211, A New Beginning is actually kinda fun. Additionally, it has an all-timer of a kill sequence thanks to the ever-reliable Miguel Nuez Jr., an outhouse, and some burritos.

    5. The New Blood ( 1988 ): Friday the 13th Part VII

    5. The New Blood ( 1988 ): Friday the 13th Part VII

    The biggest knock against Freddy vs. Jason is that it learned nothing from the far superior seventh entry in the franchise, in which Freddy fights Carrie White. Okay, it’s not really Carrie White, but teen Tina ( Lar Park Lincoln ) does share the same psychokinetic powers and parent issues as the well-known character from the Stephen King novel and Brian DePalma movie. On the orders of her unscrupulous therapist, Tina goes to Camp Crystal Lake for isolated study, and inadvertently brings Jason back from his watery grave.

    Jason has plenty of room to do what The New Blood does best from there. As so often happens with the top entries on this list, censors did cut down a lot of the movie, which diminishes the shock of its best kill scenes. There is something triumphant in watching Jason shove a weed eater into the therapist&#8217, s face, even if we don&#8217, t get all the bloody gory.

    4. Part 2 of Friday the 13th ( 1981 )

    4. Part 2 of Friday the 13th ( 1981 )

    It would n&#8217, t be accurate to say that this list would not exist without Friday the 13th Part 2. However, that statement isn’t entirely accurate either. Part 2 took everything good about its predecessor and did it better, actually giving us Jason in the flesh and an excellent final girl in Ginny ( Amy Steel ).

    Additionally, Part 2 is the first illustration of what the franchise actually becomes. A bunch of teens come to the camp, and Jason ( wearing a burlap bag instead of the hockey mask that would be his trademark ) kills them in inventive, gory ways. Part II makes a strong case for Friday the 13th as a reputable series in addition to the pure energy of the kills and an actually intelligent final girl in Ginny.

    3. Jason X ( 2001 )

    3. Jason X ( 2001 )

    If Friday the 13th Part 2 says that Jason deserves respect, then Jason X suggests maybe he does n&#8217, t. And that &#8217, s a good thing. Jason X belongs to the long, strange line of horror films that transport their killers to space. Although Jason’s interpretation of the Leprechaun or Pinhead has mixed results, Jason’s suitability is admirable.

    Well, mostly perfectly. There are so many characters, and Jason X wants so badly to be a Kevin Williamson or Joss Whedon movie, and he can’t say anything without dripping it in snark. Yet, these annoyances aside, it &#8217, s hard not to cheer when uber-Jason takes the stage or when he&#8217, s killing people with space-age weapons and chemicals.

    2. Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives ( 1986 )

    2. Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives ( 1986 )

    Jason Lives was Scream before Scream in Part VI. Okay, okay, that &#8217, s going too far. However, Part VI has a metatextual quality that both acknowledges the absurdity of the franchise and firmly places it in horror history. Jason Lives completes the Tommy Jarvis trilogy with yet another actor playing the part ( Thom Matthews here ), but it makes him into a proper Jason hunter and gives him a reason to accidentally resurrect the killer.

    Even better, the film strikes a balance between clever jokes and effective kills. There&#8217, s, of course, the James Bond opening in which Jason throws a machete at the screen. However, there is a pitch-black joke that occurs when one child realizes that Jason is coming to get him and asks,” So, what did you want to be when you were growing up?” &#8221, A genuinely smart Friday the 13th movie? Believe it or not, yes!

    1. The final chapter of Friday the 13th ( 1984 )

    1. The final chapter of Friday the 13th ( 1984 )

    It took four movies for Friday the 13th to get it right. But man, did it actually get it right? The Final Chapter is the platonic ideal of a slasher movie. It has interesting victims, is lean, and some incredible and unforgettable kills. It even has a great kid performance from Corey Feldman as Tommy Jarvis at his youngest and awesome Savini effects.

    The Final Chapter‘s story isn’t particularly interesting. Again, we have teens coming to party at the campground, at the same time that single mom Mrs. Jarvis ( Joan Freeman ) arrives with her kids Trish ( Kimberly Beck ) and Tommy. However, that skewed plot allows for some excellent kills and for the teenagers to stand out. I mean, when you have Crispin Glover as a slasher movie teen, you don&#8217, t need any plot. The Final Chapter is what every Friday the 13th movie should be, sparse and straightforward.

    The post Friday the 13th Movies Ranked appeared first on Den of Geek.

  • James Gunn Weighs in on Controversial Peacemaker Character

    James Gunn Weighs in on Controversial Peacemaker Character

    Trailers appear in this post for Peacemaker period 2 event 7. Earth-X Auggie Smith ( Robert Patrick ) isn’t a Nazi. In the final season of Peacemaker’s next time, Chris Smith must take into account the possibility that Earth-X may be the home of his beloved father and [ …] [ …].. Those unexpected twists arrived late in that episode.

    The article James Gunn Weighs in on Controversial Peacemaker Character appeared second on Den of Geek.

    Jason shows aren’t supposed to be good, either. Heck, they weren&#8217, t actually supposed to be about Jason. Producer Sean S. Cunningham saw the economic achievements of Halloween as an opportunity to funds in himself in the late 1970s. But he took out an ad for a film called Friday the 13th, riffing on the holiday theme of the John Carpenter picture.

    Only afterwards did he develop the concept of a whodunnit, in which a criminal begins threatening lawyers trying to restart a station after a youngster named Jason Voorhees perished there. As people now knows, that criminal was Jason&#8217, s family Pamela Voorhees, who wanted to prevent Camp Crystal Lake from over running again. The shocking end of that movie, in which Jason emerges from the water to get a final woman, was simply added because Cunningham wanted to imitate Carrie‘s shocking end.

    cnx. powershell. push ( function ( ) {cnx ( {playerId:” 106e33c0-3911-473c-b599-b1426db57530″, }). render ( “0270c398a82f44f49c23c16122516796” ),

    Creativity was n&#8217, t the target. Wealth was a. And, to that end, Cunningham and Paramount Pictures succeeded, as Friday the 13th was a large hit, as were its first few sequel. But, imagination still manifested in some way. In the next video, Jason took the spotlight, supplanting his family. And Jason completely transformed into a scary icon just before the next film’s release.

    As you might anticipate, that prolix journey resulted in pictures of varying quality. Even though not all of the Friday the 13th movies are excellent, they all have something to watch, if not the terrible death of a notorious station counselor.

    12. Friday the 13th ( 2009 )

    12. Friday the 13th ( 2009 )

    Who, exactly, is the 2009 remake Friday the 13th for? One would assume that a reboot of the line would attempt to understand the franchise’s notoriously rambunctious and inaccurate timeline to make things simpler for fresh viewers. Instead, the opening 30 minutes of Friday the 13th ( 2009 ) try to compress the first three films into one prologue, complete with killer Pamela ( portrayed here by Nana Visitor of Star Trek: Deep Space Nine fame ) and baghead Jason. The beginning just confounds newcomers and feeds long-standing fans insubstantially, which accurately sums up the film.

    Which is n&#8217, t to say that the reboot does n&#8217, t have its charms. As a more wild Jason, Derek Mears excels as the slow-moving beast of his past movies, with dynamic power. The solid does a great job with its young child jerks, and the film pulls off a surprising last child false up. Even so, Friday the 13th 2009 always manages to feel like a true episode of the series.

    11. Fourth Friday, Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan ( 1989 )

    11. Fourth Friday, Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan ( 1989 )

    For more than three and a half years, people have been making fun of this movie for the fact that most of it takes place on a ship and the &#8220, New York &#8221, parts are actually Vancouver. What do you know, exactly? Jason Takes Manhattan deserves all that scorn! If you &#8217, re never going to really get in Manhattan (outside of some second unit thing shot for the opening credits ), why give the seventh Friday the 13th passage that name?

    Actually, we could pardon a boat and we could pardon Canada if anything exciting happened in the film. Everything else, aside from a few great kills, does. Instead, Jason Takes Manhattan spends way too much time once again mythologizing the death of young Jason ( which may or may not have happened, depending on the status of Fridays II, III, and IV ). Jason Takes Manhattan ultimately succeeds without a hitch: it’s not a play, a dread, or even a takedown.

    10. Third Part of Friday the 13th ( 1983 )

    10. Third Part of Friday the 13th ( 1983 )

    Cunningham and Paramount knew that after the first two comments, Friday the 13th ran the risk of becoming rote and predictable. They were aware that they had to alter issues. Nevertheless, they made perhaps the worst possible choice for the fad that would distinguish the series. Part III will be in 3-D, they decided.

    Outside of that, whatever in Piece III covers common earth, from the class of counselors reopening the camp to the hicks who become early cannon fodder to a &#8220, shocker&#8221, ending, in which Pamela emerges from the lake to get the ultimate girl. And you’re watching all of this in 2-D, making the pointy bits annoying instead of compelling, unless you’re using the flimsy blue and red 3D glasses that are distributed with contemporary releases. At least Part III finally gives Jason his hockey mask. Besides that, everything in this film is a dud.

    9. The final Friday of Jason Goes to Hell ( 1993 )

    9. The final Friday of Jason Goes to Hell ( 1993 )

    Like Jason Takes Manhattan, Jason Goes to Hell does n&#8217, t live up to a single part of its title. No, Jason doesn’t spend any time in Hell in this film. Instead, he&#8217, s skulking around a New Jersey town. No, as this list indicates, this is not the last Friday film. Most shockingly of all, Jason is n&#8217, t even in Jason Goes to Hell, as he gets blown up by government agents in the cold open.

    Instead, Jason Goes to Hell directly rips from The Hidden to dispel the myth that Jason is a demonic worm capable of jumping into other bodies. So instead of seeing Kane Hodder or any other big dude play Jason, we get to see Jason as character actors Richard Grant or Stephen Culp, hardly imposing figures. Despite this, Jason Goes to Hell commits so much to its absurd premise that it does offer some wacky entertainment for those who don’t feel hung up on Friday the 13th lore.

    8. Jason vs. Freddy ( 2003 )

    8. Jason vs. Freddy ( 2003 )

    Freddy is the winner of Freddy vs. Jason. Yes, we all know that New Line Cinema wanted to keep the actual storyline of their monster mash ambiguous, with Freddy giving the camera a knowing nod at the end of the film. Jason was allowed to behead the Nightmare on Elm Street monster. But there&#8217, s no question that Freddy vs. Jason is an okay Freddy movie and a terrible Jason movie.

    Jason does some cool kills, but one scene features him attacking Freddy with his arms. But outside of that, director Ronny Yu&#8217, s hyper fight style and reliance on digital effects suit Freddy much better than they do Jason and, to his credit, Robert Englund has a blast reprising his signature role. Overall, Freddy vs. Jason is a good monster mashup with a solid plot. But if you &#8217, re here for Jason, you &#8217, ll be pretty disappointed.

    7. Friday the 13th ( 1980 )

    7. Friday the 13th ( 1980 )

    The 13th Friday is essentially a rip-off of Halloween with a little Carrie, as previously mentioned. It does n&#8217, t even get to call itself the best camp slasher of the era, as The Burning comes out next year. It’s a pretty by-the-numbers whodunnit, with none of the flash or style of the Italian Giallo that came before it.

    And yet, Friday the 13th does have two marks in its favor. Betsy Palmer as Pamela Voorhees is the absolute ringer in the movie, first. She fully chews the scenery in her final scenes, convincingly pulling a reverse Norman Bates routine and channeling her son. Second, Tom Savini’s effects give the movie a level of gore quality that, to be honest, it doesn’t deserve. If the movie never went onto spawn any sequels, it would be remembered as a curio. Instead, it must place it midway in the franchise it launched.

    6. A New Beginning ( 1985 ) Friday the 13th Part V

    6. A New Beginning ( 1985 ) Friday the 13th Part V

    Paramount tried to keep its word. Jason Voorhees was actually killed by the studio in Friday the 13th Part IV. And when box office receipts made it clear that they couldn&#8217, t just ignore this profitable franchise, Paramount tried to go back to the drawing board. Another whodunnit involves a brand-new killer killing in” A New Beginning.” Is it Jason, back from the dead? Is it Tommy Jarvis, the troubled boy who was taken to a juvenile facility after the murderer was killed in the previous entry?

    No, it &#8217, s Roy, an ambulance driver we see once at the start of the movie, who goes on a killing spree after his annoying son is murdered by a teen with an anger problem. A New Beginning is actually a lot of fun, despite the massive flub, which is a big one. And it has an all-timer of a kill sequence, thanks to the ever-reliable Miguel Nuñez Jr., an outhouse, and some burritos.

    5. Friday the 13th Part VII: The New Blood ( 1988 )

    5. Friday the 13th Part VII: The New Blood ( 1988 )

    The biggest detriment to Freddy vs. Jason is that it learned nothing from the far superior seventh installment of the franchise, in which Freddy fights Carrie White. Okay, it &#8217, s not really Carrie White, but teen Tina ( Lar Park Lincoln ) does have the same psychokinetic powers and parent issues as the famous character from the Stephen King novel and Brian DePalma film. On the orders of her dishonest therapist, Tina travels to Camp Crystal Lake to study alone, and unintentionally rescues Jason from his salty grave.

    From there on, The New Blood gives Jason plenty of room to do what he does best. The majority of the film was cut down, which lessens the shock of its best kill scenes, as happens frequently with the best entries on this list. But even if we don&#8217, t get all the bloody gory, there&#8217, s something triumphant in watching Jason shove a weed eater into the therapist&#8217, s face.

    4. Friday the 13th Part 2 ( 1981 )

    4. Friday the 13th Part 2 ( 1981 )

    Without Friday the 13th Part 2, it wouldn’t be accurate to say that this list wouldn’t exist. But that statement is n&#8217, t totally inaccurate either. Part 2 improved upon everything that was good about its predecessor, including adding a fantastic final girl in Ginny ( Amy Steel ) and Jason in the flesh.

    Moreover, Part 2 is the first example of what the franchise actually becomes. A group of teenagers arrive at the camp, and Jason ( who is not wearing the typical hockey mask ) kills them in creative, bloody ways. Between the pure energy of the kills and an actually intelligent final girl in Ginny, Part II makes a strong case for Friday the 13th as a reputable series.

    3. Jason X ( 2001 )

    3. Jason X ( 2001 )

    If Jason in Friday’s 13th Part 2 claims that he deserves respect, Jason X suggests that he doesn’t, which is a good thing. Jason X belongs the the long and strange line of horror movies that send their killers to space, and while that model has mixed results when it comes to the Leprechaun or Pinhead, it works perfectly with Jason.

    Mostly, but mostly, perfectly. Jason X wants so very badly to be a Kevin Williamson or Joss Whedon movie, and its characters &#8211, and there are so many characters &#8211, can&#8217, t say anything without dripping it in snark. Even with these minor annoyances, it &#8217 ;s difficult not to cheer when uber-Jason takes the stage or when he&#8217, slaying people with space-age weapons and chemicals.

    2. Jason Lives, Part VI of Friday the 13th, 1986

    2. Jason Lives, Part VI of Friday the 13th, 1986

    Part VI: Jason Lives was Scream before Scream. Okay, that &#8217 is going too far. But Part VI has a metatextual quality that both celebrates the ridiculousness of the franchise and locates it firmly within horror history. With the addition of another actor ( Thom Matthews in this role ), Jason Lives completes the Tommy Jarvis trilogy, giving him a legitimate reason to unintentionally resurrect the killer.

    Better yet, the movie manages to balance clever quips with good kills. The James Bond opening, in which Jason throws a machete at the screen, is, of course, there. But there&#8217, s also the pitch black joke when one kid, realizing that Jason is coming to get him, turns to another and asks, &#8220, So, what did you want to be when you grew up? A genuinely smart Friday the 13th movie, &#8221? Believe it or not, yes!

    1. Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter ( 1984 )

    1. Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter ( 1984 )

    For Friday the 13th, it took four movies to get it right. But, man, did it get it really right! The Final Chapter is a slasher movie with a platonic ideal. It&#8217, s lean, it has interesting victims, and it has some incredible and memorable kills. Even Corey Feldman’s excellent performance as Tommy Jarvis in his youngest Savini effects is included in the film.

    The plot of The Final Chapter is n&#8217, t anything special. Teenagers are also partying at the campground when single mother Mrs. Jarvis ( Joan Freeman ) arrives with her kids Trish ( Kimberly Beck ) and Tommy. But that sparse plot leaves room for some great kills and for the teens to distinguish themselves. You don’t need any plot when Crispin Glover plays a teen in a slasher movie, after all. Sparse and simple, The Final Chapter is what every Friday the 13th movie should be.

    The first post Friday the 13th Movies Ranked was posted on Den of Geek.

  • Marvel Star Says MCU Movies Are for Fans, Not Critics

    Marvel Star Says MCU Movies Are for Fans, Not Critics

    It became challenging to evaluate Marvel films alone around Phase 2 of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. While any number of punters could roll up at the theater, see the latest installment of their favorite superhero’s adventures and leave happy, having experienced callbacks, Marvel Comics references, and fan-pleasing moments, your average critic might have ]… ]

    On Den of Geek, the first article Marvel Star claimed that MCU films are for fans and no detractors.

    Jason shows aren&#8217, t supposed to be good. They weren’t actually supposed to be about Jason, hmm. Back in the late 1970s, maker Sean S. Cunningham saw the economic achievements of Halloween and an opportunity to cash in himself. In response, he ran an advertisement for a film called Friday the 13th that riffed on the John Carpenter movie’s holiday theme.

    Only later did he come up with the idea of a whodunnit, in which a criminal begins menacing lawyers trying to restart a camp times after a junior named Jason Voorhees drowned it. As everyone is aware of, Jason&#8217’s family Pamela Voorhees, who wanted to stop Camp Crystal Lake from reopening, was the criminal. The shock end of that picture, in which Jason emerges from the water to get a last lady, was only tacked on because Cunningham wanted to copy the shock ending of Carrie.

    cnx. command. cnx ( playerId:” 106e33c0-3911-473c-b599-b1426db57530 ), ) -push ( function ( ). render ( “0270c398a82f44f49c23c16122516796” ), }),

    Creativity wasn’t the end objective. Cash was. And to achieve that, Cunningham and Paramount Pictures were successful, with Friday the 13th being a huge hit as well as its primary some sequels. And still, apparently, imagination happened yet. Jason replaced his mother in the next film, taking the lead. And midway through the next movie, Jason got his name face, entirely becoming a dread image.

    As you might have guessed, those films had varying levels of quality as a result of this digressive course. Not all of the Friday the 13th movies are great, but they all offer something worth watching—if only the grisly death of some camp counselor of ill-repute.

    12. Friday the 13th ( 2009 )

    12. Friday the 13th ( 2009 )

    Who exactly is the target of the 2009 remake of Friday the 13th? One would think that a reboot of the series would try to clarify the franchise&#8217, s famously ambling and imprecise timeline to make things easier for new viewers. Instead, Friday the 13th ( 2009 )’s first 30 minutes attempt to condense the first three movies into a single prologue, complete with killer Pamela ( portrayed by Nana Visitor of Star Trek: Deep Space Nine ) and baghead Jason. The opening only confuses newcomers and feeds long-time fans insubstantial &#8216, member berries, pleasing no one&#8211, which accurately sums up the movie.

    Which is not to say that the reboot lacks charm, though. Derek Mears is fantastic as a more feral Jason, trading dynamic energy for the usual slow-moving beast of previous films. The film pulls off a surprising final girl fake out and does a great job with its young adult jerks. Still, Friday the 13th 2009 never shakes the feeling of being a fan film instead of a proper entry in the series.

    11. Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan ( 1989 )

    11. Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan ( 1989 )

    People have been making fun of this film for more than three and a half decades because the majority of it is shot on a boat and the majority of the New York and Vancouver sections are actually in the water. And you know what? Jason Takes Manhattan deserves all the sneering praise! Why give the eighth Friday the 13th entry that name if you &#8217, re never going to actually be in Manhattan (outside of some second unit stuff shot for the opening credits )?

    Sincerely, if anything interesting happened in the movie, we could forgive a boat and we could forgive Canada. But, outside of a couple of cool kills, nothing does. Jason Takes Manhattan instead spends way too much time once more mythologizing the death of a young Jason ( which may or may not have happened, depending on the status of Fridays II, III, and IV ). In the end, Jason Takes Manhattan succeeds at nothing: not drama, not horror, and not even taking Manhattan.

    10. Friday the 13th Part III ( 1983 )

    10. Friday the 13th Part III ( 1983 )

    After the first two entries, Friday the 13th ran the risk of becoming predictable and rote. Cunningham and Paramount were aware of this. They knew they had to shake things up. They made the gimmick that would set the series apart, perhaps the most disastrous one. They decided that Part III would be in 3-D.

    Everything in Part III is well-known, from the group of counselors reopening the camp to the hicks who turn into early cannon fodder to the shocking ending in which Pamela emerges from the lake to grab the final girl. And unless you &#8217, re using the flimsy blue and red 3D glasses that get distributed with modern releases, or unless you saw a special screening at a repertory theater, you &#8217, re watching all of this in 2-D, making the pointy bits annoying instead of compelling. Part III at least finally reveals Jason his hockey mask. Outside of that, everything in this movie is a dud.

    9. Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday ( 1993 )

    9. Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday ( 1993 )

    Jason Goes to Hell, like Jason Takes Manhattan, falls short of the title’s expectations. No, Jason does n&#8217, t spend time in Hell in this movie. He&#8217 is instead scurrying around a town in New Jersey. No, it &#8217, s not the final Friday movie, as this list shows. The most shocking of all is Jason, who isn’t even mentioned in Jason Goes to Hell when he is blown up by government agents in the cold air.

    Instead, Jason Goes to Hell directly rips from The Hidden to introduce a bunch of nonsense lore about Jason being a demonic worm that can jump into other bodies. So instead of seeing Kane Hodder or any other big men play Jason, we instead see Jason as Richard Grant or Stephen Culp, who are hardly imposing actors. That said, Jason Goes to Hell commits so much to its absurd premise that it does provide some wacky fun for those who don&#8217, t get hung up on Friday the 13th lore.

    8. Freddy vs. Jason ( 2003 )

    8. Freddy vs. Jason ( 2003 )

    Freddy wins the Freddy vs. Jason game. Yes, we all know that New Line Cinema wanted to keep the actual outcome of their monster mash ambiguous, letting Jason behead the Nightmare on Elm Street monster, but having Freddy give the camera a knowing wink at the end. However, it is unquestionably a bad Jason movie and a good Freddy movie.

    Sure, Jason gets in some cool kills and there is a part where he rips off Freddy &#8217, s arms and attacks him with them. However, Ronny Yu&#8217, the director, does much better with Freddy than Jason, and Robert Englund is fantastic reprising his signature role. All in all, Freddy vs. Jason manages to be a functional monster mash with a pretty coherent story. However, you’ll be disappointed if you’re here for Jason.

    7. The 13th of September ( 1980 )

    7. The 13th of September ( 1980 )

    As discussed earlier, the first Friday the 13th is little more than a rip off of Halloween with a little bit of Carrie. Because The Burning is coming out next year, it doesn’t even get to call itself the best camp slasher of the era. Instead, it &#8217, s a pretty by-the-numbers whodunnit with none of the flash or style of the Italian Giallo that precede it.

    Nonetheless, Friday the 13th does receive two marks in its favor. First, the movie has an absolute ringer in Betsy Palmer as Pamela Voorhees. In her final scenes, she convincingly channels her son and pulls a reverse Norman Bates routine. Second, Friday the 13th has effects by Tom Savini, who gives the film a level of gore quality that, frankly, it does n&#8217, t deserve. It would be remembered as a curio if the film never did lead to any sequels. Instead, it has to fall midway on a ranking in the franchise it started.

    6. Friday the 13th Part V: A New Beginning ( 1985 )

    6. Friday the 13th Part V: A New Beginning ( 1985 )

    Paramount made an effort to keep its word. The studio really did kill Jason Voorhees in Friday the 13th Part IV. Paramount attempted to return to the drawing board when box office receipts made it clear that they couldn’t just ignore this profitable franchise. A New Beginning is another whodunnit with a new person doing the killing. Has Jason come back from the dead? Is it Tommy Jarvis, the troubled boy who was sent to a juvenile home after killing the killer in the previous entry?

    No, it’s Roy, an ambulance driver who appears once at the beginning of the film, who commits murder after his obnoxious son is killed by a teenager with an anger issue. That massive flub aside&#8211, and it is a big one&#8211, A New Beginning is actually kinda fun. And it has a kill sequence that lasts forever thanks to the reliable Miguel Nuez Jr., an outhouse, and some burritos.

    5. The New Blood ( 1988 ): Friday the 13th Part VII

    5. The New Blood ( 1988 ): Friday the 13th Part VII

    The biggest knock against Freddy vs. Jason is that it learned nothing from the far superior seventh entry in the franchise, in which Freddy fights Carrie White. Okay, it’s not really Carrie White, but teen Tina ( Lar Park Lincoln ) does share the same psychokinetic powers and parent issues as the well-known character from the Stephen King novel and Brian DePalma movie. On the orders of her unscrupulous therapist, Tina goes to Camp Crystal Lake for isolated study, and inadvertently brings Jason back from his watery grave.

    From there, The New Blood gives Jason plenty of room to concentrate on what he does best. As so often happens with the top entries on this list, censors did cut down a lot of the movie, which diminishes the shock of its best kill scenes. There is something triumphant in watching Jason shove a weed eater into the therapist’s face, even if we don’t get all the bloody gory.

    4. Part 2 of Friday the 13th ( 1981 )

    4. Part 2 of Friday the 13th ( 1981 )

    It would n&#8217, t be accurate to say that this list would not exist without Friday the 13th Part 2. However, that statement isn’t entirely accurate either. Part 2 took everything good about its predecessor and did it better, actually giving us Jason in the flesh and an excellent final girl in Ginny ( Amy Steel ).

    Additionally, Part 2 is the first illustration of what the franchise actually becomes. A bunch of teens come to the camp, and Jason ( wearing a burlap bag instead of the hockey mask that would be his trademark ) kills them in inventive, gory ways. Part II makes a strong case for Friday the 13th as a reputable series in addition to the pure energy of the kills and Ginny’s intelligent final girl.

    3. Jason X ( 2001 )

    3. Jason X ( 2001 )

    If Friday the 13th Part 2 says that Jason deserves respect, then Jason X suggests maybe he does n&#8217, t. And that &#8217, s a good thing. Jason X belongs to the long, strange line of horror films that transport their killers to space. Although Jason’s interpretation of the Leprechaun or Pinhead has mixed results, Jason’s suitability is admirable.

    Well, mostly perfectly. There are so many characters, and Jason X wants so badly to be a Kevin Williamson or Joss Whedon movie. He also can’t say anything without dripping it in snark. Yet, these annoyances aside, it &#8217, s hard not to cheer when uber-Jason takes the stage or when he&#8217, s killing people with space-age weapons and chemicals.

    2. Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives ( 1986 )

    2. Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives ( 1986 )

    Jason Lives ‘ first appearance in Part VI was Scream. Okay, okay, that &#8217, s going too far. However, Part VI has a metatextural quality that both acknowledges the franchise’s absurdity and situates it firmly in horror history. Jason Lives completes the Tommy Jarvis trilogy with yet another actor playing the part ( Thom Matthews here ), but it makes him into a proper Jason hunter and gives him a reason to accidentally resurrect the killer.

    Better yet, the film strikes a balance between clever jokes and effective kills. There&#8217, s, of course, the James Bond opening in which Jason throws a machete at the screen. However, there is a pitch-black joke that occurs when one child realizes that Jason is coming to get him and asks,” So, what did you want to be when you were growing up?” &#8221, A genuinely smart Friday the 13th movie? Believe it or not, yes!

    1. The final chapter of Friday the 13th ( 1984 )

    1. The final chapter of Friday the 13th ( 1984 )

    It took four movies for Friday the 13th to get it right. But man, did it actually get it right? The Final Chapter is the platonic ideal of a slasher movie. It has interesting victims, is lean, and some incredible and unforgettable kills. It even has a great kid performance from Corey Feldman as Tommy Jarvis at his youngest and awesome Savini effects.

    The Final Chapter‘s story isn’t anything special, either. Again, we have teens coming to party at the campground, at the same time that single mom Mrs. Jarvis ( Joan Freeman ) arrives with her kids Trish ( Kimberly Beck ) and Tommy. However, that skewed plot allows for some excellent kills and for the teenagers to stand out. I mean, when you have Crispin Glover as a slasher movie teen, you don&#8217, t need any plot. The Final Chapter is the 13th movie’s perfect Friday, simple, and sparse.

    The post Friday the 13th Movies Ranked appeared first on Den of Geek.

  • “Most of it Is Shit”- Legendary Director Delivers Harsh Verdict on Hollywood

    “Most of it Is Shit”- Legendary Director Delivers Harsh Verdict on Hollywood

    Ridley Scott hasn’t used much of a sensor in his entire career. Now, the same is also real. It’s one of the items we kind of adore about him! The legendary director of Alien, Blade Runner, and Gladiator turned up to give a talk at the BFI Southbank last week and certainly didn’t hold back when discussing the state ]… ]

    The article Legendary director” Most of it Is Shit”- Offers Harsh Verdict on Hollywood first appeared on Den of Geek.

    Jason shows aren&#8217, t supposed to be good. They weren’t actually supposed to be about Jason, hmm. Back in the late 1970s, supplier Sean S. Cunningham saw the economic achievements of Halloween and an opportunity to cash in himself. In response, he ran an advertisement for a film called Friday the 13th that was a riff on the John Carpenter movie’s holiday theme.

    Only later did he come up with the idea of a whodunnit, in which a criminal begins menacing lawyers trying to restart a camp times after a junior named Jason Voorhees drowned it. All now knows that Jason’s family Pamela Voorhees, who wanted to stop Camp Crystal Lake from reopening, was the killer. The shock end of that picture, in which Jason emerges from the water to get a last lady, was only tacked on because Cunningham wanted to copy the shock ending of Carrie.

    cnx. powershell. cnx ( playerId:” 106e33c0-3911-473c-b599-b1426db57530 ), ) -push ( function ( ). render ( “0270c398a82f44f49c23c16122516796” ), }),

    Creativity wasn’t the end aim, either. Cash was. And to accomplish that, Cunningham and Paramount Pictures succeeded, as Friday the 13th was a huge hit, as were its second some sequels. And still, apparently, imagination happened yet. In the next film, Jason stepped up and replaced his mother. And midway through the next movie, Jason got his name face, entirely becoming a dread image.

    As you might have guessed, those movies had varying levels of quality as a result of this prolix approach. Not all of the Friday the 13th shows are wonderful, but they all offer something for watching—if just the terrible death of some camp counsellor of ill-repute.

    12. Friday the 13th ( 2009 )

    12. Friday the 13th ( 2009 )

    Who accurately is the target of the 2009 version of Friday the 13th? One may think that a reboot of the collection may try to clarify the franchise&#8217, s reportedly wandering and vague timeframe to make things easier for fresh viewers. Instead, the opening 30 minutes of Friday the 13th ( 2009 ) attempt to condense the first three movies into a single prologue, complete with killer Pamela ( portrayed by Nana Visitor of Star Trek: Deep Space Nine ) and baghead Jason. The beginning just confuses visitors and feeds long-time fans ephemeral &#8216, part berries, pleasing no one&#8211, which accurately sums up the film.

    Which is not to say that the reboot has no charms. Derek Mears is fantastic as a more feral Jason, trading dynamic energy for the usual slow-moving beast of previous films. The film pulls off a surprising final girl fake out thanks to the excellent acting by the cast of young adult jerks. Still, Friday the 13th 2009 never shakes the feeling of being a fan film instead of a proper entry in the series.

    11. Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan ( 1989 )

    11. Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan ( 1989 )

    People have been making fun of this film for more than three and a half decades because the majority of it is shot on a boat and the majority of the New York and Vancouver sections are actually in the water. And you know what? All that mockery belongs to Jason Takes Manhattan, though! Why give the eighth Friday the 13th entry that name if you &#8217, re never going to actually be in Manhattan (outside of some second unit stuff shot for the opening credits )?

    Sincerely, if something interesting happened in the movie, we could forgive the boat and Canada. But, outside of a couple of cool kills, nothing does. Jason Takes Manhattan instead spends way too much time once more mythologizing the death of a young Jason ( which may or may not have happened, depending on the status of Fridays II, III, and IV ). In the end, Jason Takes Manhattan succeeds at nothing: not drama, not horror, and not even taking Manhattan.

    10. Friday the 13th Part III ( 1983 )

    10. Friday the 13th Part III ( 1983 )

    After the first two entries, Friday the 13th ran the risk of becoming predictable and rote. Cunningham and Paramount were aware of this. They knew they had to shake things up. However, they made the most imprecise choice possible regarding the gimmick, which would set the series apart. They decided that Part III would be in 3-D.

    Everything in Part III is well-known, from the counselors ‘ reopening the camp to the hicks who turn into early cannon fodder to the shocking ending where Pamela emerges from the lake to grab the final girl. And unless you &#8217, re using the flimsy blue and red 3D glasses that get distributed with modern releases, or unless you saw a special screening at a repertory theater, you &#8217, re watching all of this in 2-D, making the pointy bits annoying instead of compelling. Jason receives his hockey mask at the end of Part III. Outside of that, everything in this movie is a dud.

    9. Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday ( 1993 )

    9. Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday ( 1993 )

    Jason Goes to Hell, like Jason Takes Manhattan, falls short of the title’s expectations. No, Jason does n&#8217, t spend time in Hell in this movie. He&#8217 is instead scurrying around a town in New Jersey. No, it &#8217, s not the final Friday movie, as this list shows. The most shocking of all is Jason, who isn’t even mentioned in Jason Goes to Hell when he is blown up by government agents in the cold air.

    Instead, Jason Goes to Hell directly rips from The Hidden to introduce a bunch of nonsense lore about Jason being a demonic worm that can jump into other bodies. So instead of seeing Kane Hodder or any other big men play Jason, we instead see Jason as Richard Grant or Stephen Culp, who are hardly imposing actors. That said, Jason Goes to Hell commits so much to its absurd premise that it does provide some wacky fun for those who don&#8217, t get hung up on Friday the 13th lore.

    8. Freddy vs. Jason ( 2003 )

    8. Freddy vs. Jason ( 2003 )

    In Freddy vs. Jason, Freddy triumphs. Yes, we all know that New Line Cinema wanted to keep the actual outcome of their monster mash ambiguous, letting Jason behead the Nightmare on Elm Street monster, but having Freddy give the camera a knowing wink at the end. However, it is unquestionably a bad Jason movie and a good Freddy movie.

    Sure, Jason gets in some cool kills and there is a part where he rips off Freddy &#8217, s arms and attacks him with them. However, other than that, director Ronny Yu&#8217’s hyper fight style and reliance on digital effects suit Freddy much better than Jason, and Robert Englund has a blast reprising his signature role. All in all, Freddy vs. Jason manages to be a functional monster mash with a pretty coherent story. However, if you’re here for Jason and are willing to pay a premium, you’ll be disappointed.

    7. Friday the 13th ( 1980 ) )

    7. Friday the 13th ( 1980 ) )

    As discussed earlier, the first Friday the 13th is little more than a rip off of Halloween with a little bit of Carrie. Because The Burning is coming out next year, it doesn’t even get to call itself the best camp slasher of the era. Instead, it &#8217, s a pretty by-the-numbers whodunnit with none of the flash or style of the Italian Giallo that precede it.

    Nonetheless, Friday the 13th does receive two marks in its favor. First, the movie has an absolute ringer in Betsy Palmer as Pamela Voorhees. In her final scenes, she convincingly channels her son and pulls a reverse Norman Bates routine. Second, Friday the 13th has effects by Tom Savini, who gives the film a level of gore quality that, frankly, it does n&#8217, t deserve. It would be remembered as a curio if the film didn’t produce any sequels. Instead, it has to fall midway on a ranking in the franchise it started.

    6. Friday the 13th Part V: A New Beginning ( 1985 )

    6. Friday the 13th Part V: A New Beginning ( 1985 )

    Paramount made an effort to keep its word. The studio really did kill Jason Voorhees in Friday the 13th Part IV. And when box office receipts made it clear that they couldn’t just ignore this lucrative franchise, Paramount attempted to return to the drawing board. A New Beginning is another whodunnit with a new person doing the killing. Is it Jason who has come back from the dead? Is it Tommy Jarvis, the troubled boy who was sent to a juvenile home after killing the killer in the previous entry?

    No, it’s Roy, an ambulance driver who appears once in the first scene of the film, who commits murder after his obnoxious son is killed by a young, angry teen. That massive flub aside&#8211, and it is a big one&#8211, A New Beginning is actually kinda fun. Additionally, it has an all-timer of a kill sequence thanks to the ever-reliable Miguel Nuez Jr., an outhouse, and some burritos.

    5. The New Blood ( 1988 ): Friday the 13th Part VII

    5. The New Blood ( 1988 ): Friday the 13th Part VII

    The biggest knock against Freddy vs. Jason is that it learned nothing from the far superior seventh entry in the franchise, in which Freddy fights Carrie White. Okay, it’s not really Carrie White, but teen Tina ( Lar Park Lincoln ) does share the same psychokinetic powers and parent issues as the well-known character from the Stephen King novel and Brian DePalma movie. On the orders of her unscrupulous therapist, Tina goes to Camp Crystal Lake for isolated study, and inadvertently brings Jason back from his watery grave.

    From there, Jason has plenty of room to do what he does best in The New Blood. As so often happens with the top entries on this list, censors did cut down a lot of the movie, which diminishes the shock of its best kill scenes. There is something triumphant in watching Jason shove a weed eater into the therapist’s face, even if we don’t get all the bloody gory.

    4. Part 2 of Friday the 13th ( 1981 )

    4. Part 2 of Friday the 13th ( 1981 )

    It would n&#8217, t be accurate to say that this list would not exist without Friday the 13th Part 2. However, that statement isn’t entirely accurate either. Part 2 took everything good about its predecessor and did it better, actually giving us Jason in the flesh and an excellent final girl in Ginny ( Amy Steel ).

    Additionally, Part 2 provides the first illustration of what the franchise actually becomes. A bunch of teens come to the camp, and Jason ( wearing a burlap bag instead of the hockey mask that would be his trademark ) kills them in inventive, gory ways. Part II makes a strong case for Friday the 13th as a reputable series in addition to the pure energy of the kills and an actually intelligent final girl in Ginny.

    3. Jason X ( 2001 )

    3. Jason X ( 2001 )

    If Friday the 13th Part 2 says that Jason deserves respect, then Jason X suggests maybe he does n&#8217, t. And that &#8217, s a good thing. Jason X belongs to the long and odd line of horror films that transport their murderers to space. Although that approach has had mixed results with the Leprechaun or Pinhead, it still works well with Jason.

    Well, mostly perfectly. There are so many characters, and Jason X wants so badly to be a Kevin Williamson or Joss Whedon movie, and he can’t say anything without dripping it in snark. Yet, these annoyances aside, it &#8217, s hard not to cheer when uber-Jason takes the stage or when he&#8217, s killing people with space-age weapons and chemicals.

    2. Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives ( 1986 )

    2. Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives ( 1986 )

    Jason Lives was Scream before Scream in Part VI. Okay, okay, that &#8217, s going too far. However, Part VI has a metatextual quality that both acknowledges the absurdity of the franchise and firmly places it in horror history. Jason Lives completes the Tommy Jarvis trilogy with yet another actor playing the part ( Thom Matthews here ), but it makes him into a proper Jason hunter and gives him a reason to accidentally resurrect the killer.

    Even better, the film strikes a balance between clever jokes and effective kills. There&#8217, s, of course, the James Bond opening in which Jason throws a machete at the screen. However, there is also the pitch black joke when one child realizes that Jason is coming to get him and asks,” So, what did you want to be when you were growing up?” &#8221, A genuinely smart Friday the 13th movie? Believe it or not, yes!

    1. The final chapter of Friday the 13th ( 1984 )

    1. The final chapter of Friday the 13th ( 1984 )

    It took four movies for Friday the 13th to get it right. But man, did it actually get it right? The Final Chapter is the platonic ideal of a slasher movie. It has interesting victims, lean, and some incredible and unforgettable kills. It even has a great kid performance from Corey Feldman as Tommy Jarvis at his youngest and awesome Savini effects.

    The Final Chapter‘s story isn’t particularly interesting. Again, we have teens coming to party at the campground, at the same time that single mom Mrs. Jarvis ( Joan Freeman ) arrives with her kids Trish ( Kimberly Beck ) and Tommy. However, that skewed plot allows for some excellent kills and for the teens to stand out. I mean, when you have Crispin Glover as a slasher movie teen, you don&#8217, t need any plot. The Final Chapter is the 13th movie’s perfect Friday, simple, and sparse.

    The post Friday the 13th Movies Ranked appeared first on Den of Geek.

  • The Forgotten V/H/S Entry That’s a Black Phone Sequel

    The Forgotten V/H/S Entry That’s a Black Phone Sequel

    The Black Phone and V/H/S/8 5 have clues in this post. In two days, the history of the Grabber continues, as Black Phone 2 comes to venues on October 17. Someone who doesn’t want to wait until that point you pique their interest by seeing a completely different film. Before casting Ethan Hawke as the Grabber, Mason ]…]

    The Forgotten VHS Entry That’s a Black Phone Sequel initially appeared on Den of Geek.

    Jason shows aren&#8217, t supposed to be good. They weren’t actually supposed to be about Jason, hmm. Back in the late 1970s, supplier Sean S. Cunningham saw the economic achievements of Halloween and an opportunity to cash in himself. In response, he ran an advertisement for a film called Friday the 13th that riffed on the John Carpenter movie’s trip theme.

    Only later did he come up with the idea of a whodunnit, in which a criminal begins menacing lawyers trying to restart a camp times after a junior named Jason Voorhees drowned it. As everyone is well aware, Jason&#8217, Pamela Voorhees, Jason’s family, wanted to stop Camp Crystal Lake from reopening. The shock end of that picture, in which Jason emerges from the water to get a last lady, was only tacked on because Cunningham wanted to copy the shock ending of Carrie.

    cnx. command. cnx ( playerId:” 106e33c0-3911-473c-b599-b1426db57530 ), ): function ( ). render ( “0270c398a82f44f49c23c16122516796” ), }),

    Creativity wasn’t the end objective. Cash was. And to accomplish that, Cunningham and Paramount Pictures succeeded, as Friday the 13th was a huge hit, as were its second some sequels. And yet, apparently, imagination happened yet. In the next film, Jason stepped up and replaced his family. And midway through the next movie, Jason got his name face, entirely becoming a dread image.

    As you might have guessed, that prolix way produced movies of varying quality. Not all of the Friday the 13th shows are wonderful, but they all offer something for watching—if just the terrible death of some camp counsellor of ill-repute.

    12. Friday the 13th ( 2009 )

    12. Friday the 13th ( 2009 )

    Who specifically is the 2009 version of Friday the 13th for? One may think that a reboot of the collection may try to clarify the franchise&#8217, s notably wandering and vague timeframe to make things easier for fresh viewers. Instead, Friday the 13th ( 2009 )’s first 30 minutes attempt to condense the first three movies into a single prologue, complete with killer Pamela ( portrayed by Nana Visitor of Star Trek: Deep Space Nine ) and baghead Jason. The beginning just confuses visitors and feeds long-time enthusiasts ephemeral &#8216, part berries, pleasing no one&#8211, which accurately sums up the film.

    Which is not to say that the reboot lacks its charms, which isn’t. Derek Mears is fantastic as a more feral Jason, trading dynamic energy for the usual slow-moving beast of previous films. The film pulls off a surprising final girl fake out and does a great job with its young adult jerks. Still, Friday the 13th 2009 never shakes the feeling of being a fan film instead of a proper entry in the series.

    11. Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan ( 1989 )

    11. Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan ( 1989 )

    People have been making fun of this film for more than three and a half decades because the majority of it is shot on a boat and the majority of the New York and Vancouver sections. And you know what? All that mockery belongs to Jason Takes Manhattan, though! Why give the eighth Friday the 13th entry that name if you &#8217, re never going to actually be in Manhattan (outside of some second unit stuff shot for the opening credits )?

    Sincerely, if anything interesting happened in the movie, we could forgive a boat and we could forgive Canada. But, outside of a couple of cool kills, nothing does. Jason Takes Manhattan instead spends way too much time once more mythologizing the death of a young Jason ( which may or may not have happened, depending on the status of Fridays II, III, and IV ). In the end, Jason Takes Manhattan succeeds at nothing: not drama, not horror, and not even taking Manhattan.

    10. Friday the 13th Part III ( 1983 )

    10. Friday the 13th Part III ( 1983 )

    After the first two entries, Friday the 13th ran the risk of becoming predictable and rote. Cunningham and Paramount were aware of this. They knew they had to shake things up. They made the gimmick that would set the series apart, perhaps the most disastrous one. They decided that Part III would be in 3-D.

    Everything in Part III is well-known, from the group of counselors reopening the camp to the hicks who turn into early cannon fodder to the shocking ending in which Pamela emerges from the lake to grab the final girl. And unless you &#8217, re using the flimsy blue and red 3D glasses that get distributed with modern releases, or unless you saw a special screening at a repertory theater, you &#8217, re watching all of this in 2-D, making the pointy bits annoying instead of compelling. Part III at least finally reveals Jason his hockey mask. Outside of that, everything in this movie is a dud.

    9. Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday ( 1993 )

    9. Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday ( 1993 )

    Jason Goes to Hell, like Jason Takes Manhattan, falls short of the title’s expectations. No, Jason does n&#8217, t spend time in Hell in this movie. Instead, he&#8217 is scurrying around a town in New Jersey. No, it &#8217, s not the final Friday movie, as this list shows. The most shocking of all is Jason, who isn’t even mentioned in Jason Goes to Hell when he is blown up by government agents in the cold air.

    Instead, Jason Goes to Hell directly rips from The Hidden to introduce a bunch of nonsense lore about Jason being a demonic worm that can jump into other bodies. So instead of seeing Kane Hodder or any other big men play Jason, we instead see Jason as Richard Grant or Stephen Culp, who are hardly imposing actors. That said, Jason Goes to Hell commits so much to its absurd premise that it does provide some wacky fun for those who don&#8217, t get hung up on Friday the 13th lore.

    8. Freddy vs. Jason ( 2003 )

    8. Freddy vs. Jason ( 2003 )

    Freddy wins the Freddy vs. Jason game. Yes, we all know that New Line Cinema wanted to keep the actual outcome of their monster mash ambiguous, letting Jason behead the Nightmare on Elm Street monster, but having Freddy give the camera a knowing wink at the end. However, it is unquestionable that Freddy vs. Jason is both a good and bad Jason movie.

    Sure, Jason gets in some cool kills and there is a part where he rips off Freddy &#8217, s arms and attacks him with them. However, other than that, director Ronny Yu&#8217’s hyper fight style and reliance on digital effects suit Freddy much better than they do Jason, and Robert Englund has a blast reprising his signature role. All in all, Freddy vs. Jason manages to be a functional monster mash with a pretty coherent story. However, if you &#8217, are here for Jason, you &#8217 will be pretty disappointed.

    7. The 13th of September ( 1980 )

    7. The 13th of September ( 1980 )

    As discussed earlier, the first Friday the 13th is little more than a rip off of Halloween with a little bit of Carrie. Because The Burning is coming out next year, it doesn’t even get to call itself the best camp slasher of the era. Instead, it &#8217, s a pretty by-the-numbers whodunnit with none of the flash or style of the Italian Giallo that precede it.

    However, Friday the 13th receives two favorable marks. First, the movie has an absolute ringer in Betsy Palmer as Pamela Voorhees. In her final scenes, she convincingly pulls a reverse Norman Bates routine and channels her son, fully chewing on the scenery. Second, Friday the 13th has effects by Tom Savini, who gives the film a level of gore quality that, frankly, it does n&#8217, t deserve. It would be remembered as a curio if the film didn’t produce any sequels. Instead, it has to fall midway on a ranking in the franchise it started.

    6. Friday the 13th Part V: A New Beginning ( 1985 )

    6. Friday the 13th Part V: A New Beginning ( 1985 )

    Paramount made an effort to keep its word. The studio really did kill Jason Voorhees in Friday the 13th Part IV. Paramount attempted to return to the drawing board when box office receipts made it clear that they couldn’t just ignore this profitable franchise. A New Beginning is another whodunnit with a new person doing the killing. Is it Jason who has come back from the dead? Is it Tommy Jarvis, the troubled boy who was sent to a juvenile home after killing the killer in the previous entry?

    No, it’s Roy, an ambulance driver who appears once at the beginning of the film, who commits murder after his obnoxious son is killed by a teenager with an anger issue. That massive flub aside&#8211, and it is a big one&#8211, A New Beginning is actually kinda fun. Additionally, it has an all-timer of a kill sequence thanks to the ever-reliable Miguel Nuez Jr., an outhouse, and some burritos.

    5. The New Blood ( 1988 ) is the title of Friday the 13th Part VII.

    5. The New Blood ( 1988 ) is the title of Friday the 13th Part VII.

    The biggest knock against Freddy vs. Jason is that it learned nothing from the far superior seventh entry in the franchise, in which Freddy fights Carrie White. Okay, it’s not really Carrie White, but teen Tina ( Lar Park Lincoln ) does share the same psychokinetic powers and parent issues as the well-known character from the Stephen King novel and Brian DePalma movie. On the orders of her unscrupulous therapist, Tina goes to Camp Crystal Lake for isolated study, and inadvertently brings Jason back from his watery grave.

    From there, Jason has plenty of room to do what he does best in The New Blood. As so often happens with the top entries on this list, censors did cut down a lot of the movie, which diminishes the shock of its best kill scenes. There is something triumphant in watching Jason shove a weed eater into the therapist’s face, even if we don’t get all the bloody gory.

    4. Part 2 of Friday the 13th ( 1981 )

    4. Part 2 of Friday the 13th ( 1981 )

    It would n&#8217, t be accurate to say that this list would not exist without Friday the 13th Part 2. However, that statement isn’t entirely accurate either. Part 2 took everything good about its predecessor and did it better, actually giving us Jason in the flesh and an excellent final girl in Ginny ( Amy Steel ).

    Additionally, Part 2 provides the first illustration of what the franchise actually becomes. A bunch of teens come to the camp, and Jason ( wearing a burlap bag instead of the hockey mask that would be his trademark ) kills them in inventive, gory ways. Part II makes a strong case for Friday the 13th as a reputable series in addition to the pure energy of the kills and an actually intelligent final girl in Ginny.

    3. Jason X ( 2001 )

    3. Jason X ( 2001 )

    If Friday the 13th Part 2 says that Jason deserves respect, then Jason X suggests maybe he does n&#8217, t. And that &#8217, s a good thing. Jason X belongs to the long and odd line of horror films that transport their murderers to space. Although that approach has had mixed results with the Leprechaun or Pinhead, it still works well with Jason.

    Well, mostly perfectly. There are so many characters, and Jason X wants so badly to be a Kevin Williamson or Joss Whedon movie, and he can’t say anything without dripping it in snark. Yet, these annoyances aside, it &#8217, s hard not to cheer when uber-Jason takes the stage or when he&#8217, s killing people with space-age weapons and chemicals.

    2. Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives ( 1986 )

    2. Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives ( 1986 )

    Jason Lives was Scream before Scream in Part VI. Okay, okay, that &#8217, s going too far. However, Part VI has a metatextual quality that both acknowledges the absurdity of the franchise and firmly places it in horror history. Jason Lives completes the Tommy Jarvis trilogy with yet another actor playing the part ( Thom Matthews here ), but it makes him into a proper Jason hunter and gives him a reason to accidentally resurrect the killer.

    Better yet, the film strikes a balance between clever jokes and effective kills. There&#8217, s, of course, the James Bond opening in which Jason throws a machete at the screen. However, there is a pitch-black joke that occurs when one child realizes that Jason is coming to get him and asks,” So, what did you want to be when you were growing up?” &#8221, A genuinely smart Friday the 13th movie? Believe it or not, yes!

    1. The final chapter of Friday the 13th ( 1984 )

    1. The final chapter of Friday the 13th ( 1984 )

    It took four movies for Friday the 13th to get it right. But man, did it actually get it right? The Final Chapter is the platonic ideal of a slasher movie. It has interesting victims, lean, and some incredible and unforgettable kills. It even has a great kid performance from Corey Feldman as Tommy Jarvis at his youngest and awesome Savini effects.

    The Final Chapter‘s story isn’t anything special, either. Again, we have teens coming to party at the campground, at the same time that single mom Mrs. Jarvis ( Joan Freeman ) arrives with her kids Trish ( Kimberly Beck ) and Tommy. However, that skewed plot allows for some excellent kills and for the teenagers to stand out. I mean, when you have Crispin Glover as a slasher movie teen, you don&#8217, t need any plot. The Final Chapter is the 13th movie of Friday, which is simple and sparse.

    The post Friday the 13th Movies Ranked appeared first on Den of Geek.

  • Friday the 13th Movies Ranked

    Friday the 13th Movies Ranked

    Jason videos aren’t supposed to be good. Heck, they weren’t actually supposed to be about Jason. Producer Sean S. Cunningham saw the economic achievements of Halloween as an opportunity to funds in himself in the late 1970s. But he took out an ad for a movie called Friday the 13th, riffing on the trip ]…]

    On Den of Geek, the second post Friday the 13th Movies Ranked appeared.

    Jason shows aren&#8217, t supposed to be good. They weren’t actually supposed to be about Jason, hmm. Producer Sean S. Cunningham saw the economic achievements of Halloween as an opportunity to money in himself in the late 1970s. In response, he ran an advertisement for a film called Friday the 13th that was a riff on the John Carpenter movie’s holiday theme.

    Only later did he come up with the idea of a whodunnit, in which a criminal begins menacing lawyers trying to restart a camp times after a junior named Jason Voorhees drowned it. As everyone is aware of, Jason&#8217’s family Pamela Voorhees, who wanted to stop Camp Crystal Lake from reopening, was the killer. The shock end of that picture, in which Jason emerges from the water to get a last lady, was only tacked on because Cunningham wanted to copy the shock ending of Carrie.

    cnx. command. cnx ( playerId:” 106e33c0-3911-473c-b599-b1426db57530″ ) is the function of the player. render ( “0270c398a82f44f49c23c16122516796” ), }),

    Creativity wasn’t the end objective. Income was. And to achieve that, Cunningham and Paramount Pictures were successful, with Friday the 13th being a huge hit as well as its earliest some sequels. And still, apparently, imagination happened yet. Jason replaced his mother in the next film, taking the lead. And midway through the next movie, Jason got his name face, entirely becoming a dread image.

    As you might have guessed, those pictures had varying levels of quality as a result of this prolix approach. Not all of the Friday the 13th shows are wonderful, but they all offer something for watching—if just the terrible death of some camp counsellor of ill-repute.

    12. Friday the 13th ( 2009 )

    12. Friday the 13th ( 2009 )

    Who accurately is the 2009 version of Friday the 13th for? One may think that a reboot of the collection may try to clarify the franchise&#8217, s reportedly wandering and vague timeframe to make things easier for fresh viewers. Instead, Friday the 13th ( 2009 )’s first 30 minutes attempt to condense the first three movies into a single prologue, complete with killer Pamela ( portrayed by Nana Visitor of Star Trek: Deep Space Nine ) and baghead Jason. The beginning just confuses visitors and feeds long-time enthusiasts ephemeral &#8216, part berries, pleasing no one&#8211, which accurately sums up the film.

    Which is not to say that the reboot lacks charm, though. Derek Mears is fantastic as a more feral Jason, trading dynamic energy for the usual slow-moving beast of previous films. The film pulls off a surprising final girl fake out thanks to the excellent acting by the cast of young adult jerks. Still, Friday the 13th 2009 never shakes the feeling of being a fan film instead of a proper entry in the series.

    11. Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan ( 1989 )

    11. Friday the 13th Part VIII: Jason Takes Manhattan ( 1989 )

    People have been making fun of this film for more than three and a half decades because the majority of it is shot on a boat and the majority of the New York and Vancouver sections are actually in the water. And you know what? Jason Takes Manhattan deserves a lot of mockery! Why give the eighth Friday the 13th entry that name if you &#8217, re never going to actually be in Manhattan (outside of some second unit stuff shot for the opening credits )?

    Sincerely, we could forgive a boat and Canada if anything interesting happened in the movie. But, outside of a couple of cool kills, nothing does. Jason Takes Manhattan instead spends way too much time mythologizing the tragic passing of a young Jason ( which, depending on the status of Fridays II, III, and IV ), again. In the end, Jason Takes Manhattan succeeds at nothing: not drama, not horror, and not even taking Manhattan.

    10. Friday the 13th Part III ( 1983 )

    10. Friday the 13th Part III ( 1983 )

    After the first two entries, Friday the 13th ran the risk of becoming predictable and rote. Cunningham and Paramount were aware of this. They knew they had to shake things up. They made the gimmick that would set the series apart, perhaps the most disastrous one. They decided that Part III would be in 3-D.

    Everything in Part III is well-known, from the group of counselors reopening the camp to the hicks who turn into early cannon fodder to the &#8220, shocker &#8221, ending in which Pamela emerges from the lake to grab the final girl. And unless you &#8217, re using the flimsy blue and red 3D glasses that get distributed with modern releases, or unless you saw a special screening at a repertory theater, you &#8217, re watching all of this in 2-D, making the pointy bits annoying instead of compelling. Jason receives his hockey mask at the end of Part III. Outside of that, everything in this movie is a dud.

    9. Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday ( 1993 )

    9. Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Friday ( 1993 )

    Like Jason Takes Manhattan, Jason Goes to Hell falls short of the title’s intended use. No, Jason does n&#8217, t spend time in Hell in this movie. He&#8217 is instead scurrying around a town in New Jersey. No, it &#8217, s not the final Friday movie, as this list shows. Most shocking of all, Jason isn’t even in Jason Goes to Hell when he is blown up by government agents in the cold open.

    Instead, Jason Goes to Hell directly rips from The Hidden to introduce a bunch of nonsense lore about Jason being a demonic worm that can jump into other bodies. So Jason is cast as Richard Grant or Stephen Culp, not as imposing as Kane Hodder or any other big-boy actor, which is not what we get. That said, Jason Goes to Hell commits so much to its absurd premise that it does provide some wacky fun for those who don&#8217, t get hung up on Friday the 13th lore.

    8. Freddy vs. Jason ( 2003 )

    8. Freddy vs. Jason ( 2003 )

    Freddy wins the Freddy vs. Jason game. Yes, we all know that New Line Cinema wanted to keep the actual outcome of their monster mash ambiguous, letting Jason behead the Nightmare on Elm Street monster, but having Freddy give the camera a knowing wink at the end. However, it is unquestionably a bad Jason movie and a good Freddy movie.

    Sure, Jason gets in some cool kills and there is a part where he rips off Freddy &#8217, s arms and attacks him with them. However, other than that, director Ronny Yu&#8217’s hyper fight style and reliance on digital effects suit Freddy much better than Jason, and Robert Englund has a blast reprising his signature role. All in all, Freddy vs. Jason manages to be a functional monster mash with a pretty coherent story. However, if you’re here for Jason and are willing to pay a premium, you’ll be disappointed.

    7. 1980's Friday the 13th

    7. 1980’s Friday the 13th

    As discussed earlier, the first Friday the 13th is little more than a rip off of Halloween with a little bit of Carrie. The Burning will be released the following year, so it doesn’t even get to call itself the best camp slasher of all time. Instead, it &#8217, s a pretty by-the-numbers whodunnit with none of the flash or style of the Italian Giallo that precede it.

    However, Friday the 13th receives two favorable marks. First, the movie has an absolute ringer in Betsy Palmer as Pamela Voorhees. In her final scenes, she convincingly pulls a reverse Norman Bates routine and channels her son, chewing on the scenery. Second, Friday the 13th has effects by Tom Savini, who gives the film a level of gore quality that, frankly, it does n&#8217, t deserve. If the film didn’t produce any sequels, it would be remembered as a curio. Instead, it has to fall midway on a ranking in the franchise it started.

    6. Friday the 13th Part V: A New Beginning ( 1985 )

    6. Friday the 13th Part V: A New Beginning ( 1985 )

    Paramount made an effort to keep its word. The studio really did kill Jason Voorhees in Friday the 13th Part IV. Paramount attempted to return to the drawing board when box office receipts made it clear that they couldn’t just ignore this profitable franchise. A New Beginning is another whodunnit with a new person doing the killing. Is it Jason who has come back from the dead? Is it Tommy Jarvis, the troubled boy who was sent to a juvenile home after killing the killer in the previous entry?

    No, it &#8217 is not Roy, an ambulance driver we only see once at the beginning of the film, who commits murder after his obnoxious son is killed by a teenager with an anger issue. That massive flub aside&#8211, and it is a big one&#8211, A New Beginning is actually kinda fun. And it has a kill sequence that lasts forever thanks to the reliable Miguel Nuez Jr., an outhouse, and some burritos.

    5. The New Blood ( 1988 ) is the title of Friday the 13th Part VII.

    5. The New Blood ( 1988 ) is the title of Friday the 13th Part VII.

    The biggest knock against Freddy vs. Jason is that it learned nothing from the far superior seventh entry in the franchise, in which Freddy fights Carrie White. Okay, it’s not really Carrie White, but teen Tina ( Lar Park Lincoln ) does share the same psychokinetic powers and parent issues as the well-known character from the Stephen King novel and Brian DePalma movie. On the orders of her unscrupulous therapist, Tina goes to Camp Crystal Lake for isolated study, and inadvertently brings Jason back from his watery grave.

    From there, Jason has plenty of room to do what he does best in The New Blood. As so often happens with the top entries on this list, censors did cut down a lot of the movie, which diminishes the shock of its best kill scenes. There is something triumphant in watching Jason shove a weed eater into the therapist’s face, even if we don’t get all the bloody gory.

    4. Part 2 of Friday the 13th ( 1981 )

    4. Part 2 of Friday the 13th ( 1981 )

    It would n&#8217, t be accurate to say that this list would not exist without Friday the 13th Part 2. However, that statement isn’t entirely accurate either. Part 2 took everything good about its predecessor and did it better, actually giving us Jason in the flesh and an excellent final girl in Ginny ( Amy Steel ).

    Additionally, Part 2 provides the first illustration of what the franchise actually becomes. A bunch of teens come to the camp, and Jason ( wearing a burlap bag instead of the hockey mask that would be his trademark ) kills them in inventive, gory ways. Part II makes a strong case for Friday the 13th as a reputable series in addition to the pure energy of the kills and an actually intelligent final girl in Ginny.

    3. Jason X ( 2001 )

    3. Jason X ( 2001 )

    If Friday the 13th Part 2 says that Jason deserves respect, then Jason X suggests maybe he does n&#8217, t. And that &#8217, s a good thing. Jason X belongs to the long and odd line of horror films that transport their murderers to space. Although that approach has had mixed results with the Leprechaun or Pinhead, it still works well with Jason.

    Well, mostly perfectly. There are so many characters, and Jason X wants so badly to be a Kevin Williamson or Joss Whedon movie, and he can’t say anything without dripping it in snark. Yet, these annoyances aside, it &#8217, s hard not to cheer when uber-Jason takes the stage or when he&#8217, s killing people with space-age weapons and chemicals.

    2. Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives ( 1986 )

    2. Friday the 13th Part VI: Jason Lives ( 1986 )

    Jason Lives was Scream before Scream in Part VI. Okay, okay, that &#8217, s going too far. However, Part VI has a metatextual quality that both acknowledges the absurdity of the franchise and firmly places it in horror history. Jason Lives completes the Tommy Jarvis trilogy with yet another actor playing the part ( Thom Matthews here ), but it makes him into a proper Jason hunter and gives him a reason to accidentally resurrect the killer.

    Even better, the film strikes a balance between clever jokes and effective kills. There&#8217, s, of course, the James Bond opening in which Jason throws a machete at the screen. However, there is also the pitch black joke when one child realizes that Jason is coming to get him and asks,” So, what did you want to be when you were growing up?” &#8221, A genuinely smart Friday the 13th movie? Believe it or not, yes!

    1. The final chapter of Friday the 13th ( 1984 )

    1. The final chapter of Friday the 13th ( 1984 )

    It took four movies for Friday the 13th to get it right. But man, did it actually get it right? The Final Chapter is the platonic ideal of a slasher movie. It has interesting victims, is lean, and some incredible and unforgettable kills. It even has a great kid performance from Corey Feldman as Tommy Jarvis at his youngest and awesome Savini effects.

    The Final Chapter‘s plot isn’t anything special, either. Again, we have teens coming to party at the campground, at the same time that single mom Mrs. Jarvis ( Joan Freeman ) arrives with her kids Trish ( Kimberly Beck ) and Tommy. However, that skewed plot allows for some excellent kills and for the teens to stand out. I mean, when you have Crispin Glover as a slasher movie teen, you don&#8217, t need any plot. The Final Chapter is what every Friday the 13th movie should be, sparse and straightforward.

    On Den of Geek, the second post Friday the 13th Movies Ranked appeared.

  • Asynchronous Design Critique: Getting Feedback

    Asynchronous Design Critique: Getting Feedback

    ” Any reply”? is perhaps one of the worst ways to ask for opinions. It’s obscure and unfocused, and it doesn’t give a clear picture of what we’re looking for. Getting good opinions starts sooner than we might hope: it starts with the demand.

    Starting the process of receiving feedback with a question may seem counterintuitive, but it makes sense if we consider that receiving input can be seen as a form of design research. In the same way that we wouldn’t perform any studies without the correct questions to get the insight that we need, the best way to ask for feedback is also to build strong issues.

    Design criticism is not a one-time procedure. Sure, any great comments process continues until the project is finished, but this is especially true for layout because architecture work continues iteration after iteration, from a high level to the finest details. Each stage requires its unique set of questions.

    And suddenly, as with any great research, we need to examine what we got up, get to the base of its perspectives, and take action. Iteration, evaluation, and problem. This look at each of those.

    The query

    Being available to input is important, but we need to be specific about what we’re looking for. Any comments,” What do you think,” or” I’d love to hear your mind” at the conclusion of a presentation are likely to garner a lot of different ideas, or worse, to make everyone follow the lead of the first speaker. And next… we get frustrated because vague issues like those can change a high-level moves review into folks rather commenting on the borders of buttons. Which topic may be important, so it might be difficult to get the team to pay attention to it.

    But how do we get into this scenario? A number of elements are involved. One is that we don’t often consider asking as a part of the input approach. Another is how healthy it is to keep the issue open and assume that everyone else will agree. Another is that in nonprofessional debate, there’s usually no need to be that exact. In summary, we tend to undervalue the value of the issues, and we don’t work to improve them.

    The work of asking good questions guidelines and focuses the criticism. It also serves as a form of acceptance, outlining your willingness to make remarks and the types of comments you want to receive. It puts people in the right emotional position, especially in situations when they weren’t expecting to provide feedback.

    There isn’t a second best method to request suggestions. It simply needs to be certain, and sensitivity can take several shapes. The concept of stage over level is a concept for design critique that I’ve found to be particularly helpful in my coaching.

    ” Stage” refers to each of the steps of the process—in our case, the design process. The type of feedback changes as the user research moves on to the final design. But within a single step, one might still review whether some assumptions are correct and whether there’s been a proper translation of the amassed feedback into updated designs as the project has evolved. The layers of user experience could serve as a starting point for future inquiries. What do you want to know: Project objectives? user requirements? Functionality? Content? Interaction design? Information architecture UI design? Navigation planning? Visual design? branding?

    Here’re a few example questions that are precise and to the point that refer to different layers:

    • Functionality: Is it desirable to automate account creation?
    • Interaction design: Take a look through the updated flow and let me know whether you see any steps or error states that I might’ve missed.
    • Information architecture: This page contains two competing pieces of information. Is the structure effective in communicating them both?
    • User interface design: What do you think about the top-most error counter, which ensures that you can see the next error even when the error is outside the viewport?
    • Navigation design: From research, we identified these second-level navigation items, but once you’re on the page, the list feels too long and hard to navigate. Do you have any suggestions for how to handle this?
    • Visual design: Are the sticky notifications in the bottom-right corner visible enough?

    The other axis of specificity is determined by how far you’d like to go with the information being presented. For example, we might have introduced a new end-to-end flow, but there was a specific view that you found particularly challenging and you’d like a detailed review of that. This can be especially helpful when switching between iterations because it’s crucial to highlight the changes made.

    There are other things that we can consider when we want to achieve more specific—and more effective—questions.

    A quick fix is to get rid of the generic qualifiers from questions like “good,” “well,” “nice,” “bad,” “okay,” and” cool.” For example, asking,” When the block opens and the buttons appear, is this interaction good”? is it possible to look specific, but you can spot the “good” qualifier and make the question” When the block opens and the buttons appear, is it clear what the next action is” look like?

    Sometimes we actually do want broad feedback. Although that’s uncommon, it can occur. In that sense, you might still make it explicit that you’re looking for a wide range of opinions, whether at a high level or with details. Or perhaps just say,” At first glance, what do you think”? so that it’s clear that what you’re asking is open ended but focused on someone’s impression after their first five seconds of looking at it.

    Sometimes the project is particularly broad, and some areas may have already been thoroughly explored. In these situations, it might be useful to explicitly say that some parts are already locked in and aren’t open to feedback. Although it’s not something I’d recommend in general, I’ve found it helpful in avoiding falling into rabbit holes like those that could lead to further refinement but aren’t what’s important right now.

    Asking specific questions can completely change the quality of the feedback that you receive. People with less refined criticism will now be able to provide more actionable feedback, and even expert designers will appreciate the clarity and effectiveness gained from concentrating solely on what’s needed. It can save a lot of time and frustration.

    The iteration

    Design iterations are probably the most visible part of the design work, and they provide a natural checkpoint for feedback. Many design tools have inline commenting, but many of them only display changes as a single fluid stream in the same file. These types of design tools cause conversations to end after they are resolved, update shared UI components automatically, and require designers to always display the most recent version unless these would-be useful features were manually disabled. The implied goal that these design tools seem to have is to arrive at just one final copy with all discussions closed, probably because they inherited patterns from how written documents are collaboratively edited. That approach to design critiques is probably not the best approach, but some teams might benefit from it even if I don’t want to be too prescriptive.

    The asynchronous design-critique approach that I find most effective is to create explicit checkpoints for discussion. For this, I’m going to use the term iteration post. It refers to a write-up or presentation of the design iteration followed by a discussion thread of some kind. This can be used on any platform that can accommodate this structure. By the way, when I refer to a “write-up or presentation“, I’m including video recordings or other media too: as long as it’s asynchronous, it works.

    There are many benefits to using iteration posts:

    • It creates a rhythm in the design work so that the designer can review feedback from each iteration and prepare for the next.
    • Decisions are always available, and conversations are also made accessible for future review.
    • It creates a record of how the design changed over time.
    • It might also make it simpler to collect and act on feedback depending on the tool.

    These posts of course don’t mean that no other feedback approach should be used, just that iteration posts could be the primary rhythm for a remote design team to use. From there, there can be additional feedback techniques ( such as live critique, pair designing, or inline comments ).

    I don’t think there’s a standard format for iteration posts. However, there are a few high-level components that make sense to include as a baseline:

    1. The goal
    2. The layout
    3. The list of changes
    4. The querys

    Each project is likely to have a goal, and hopefully it’s something that’s already been summarized in a single sentence somewhere else, such as the client brief, the product manager’s outline, or the project owner’s request. In every iteration post, I would copy and paste this, so I could do it again. The idea is to provide context and to repeat what’s essential to make each iteration post complete so that there’s no need to find information spread across multiple posts. The most recent iteration post will have everything I need if I want to know about the most recent design.

    This copy-and-paste part introduces another relevant concept: alignment comes from repetition. Therefore, repeating information in posts is actually very effective at ensuring that everyone is on the same page.

    The design is then the actual series of information-architecture outlines, diagrams, flows, maps, wireframes, screens, visuals, and any other kind of design work that’s been done. It’s any design artifact, in essence. For the final stages of work, I prefer the term blueprint to emphasize that I’ll be showing full flows instead of individual screens to make it easier to understand the bigger picture.

    Because it makes it easier to refer to the objects, it might also be helpful to have clear names on them. Write the post in a way that helps people understand the work. It’s not much different from creating a strong live presentation.

    For an efficient discussion, you should also include a bullet list of the changes from the previous iteration to let people focus on what’s new, which can be especially useful for larger pieces of work where keeping track, iteration after iteration, could become a challenge.

    Finally, as mentioned earlier, a list of the questions must be included in order to help you guide the design critique. Doing this as a numbered list can also help make it easier to refer to each question by its number.

    Not every iteration is the same. Earlier iterations don’t need to be as tightly focused—they can be more exploratory and experimental, maybe even breaking some of the design-language guidelines to see what’s possible. Then, later, the iterations begin coming to a decision and improving it until the design process is complete and the feature is ready.

    I want to highlight that even if these iteration posts are written and conceived as checkpoints, by no means do they need to be exhaustive. A post might be a draft, just a concept to start a discussion, or it might be a cumulative list of all the features that have been added over the course of each iteration until the full picture is achieved.

    Over time, I also started using specific labels for incremental iterations: i1, i2, i3, and so on. Although this may seem like a minor labeling tip, it can be useful in many ways:

    • Unique—It’s a clear unique marker. One can quickly say,” This was discussed in i4″ with each project, and everyone knows where to go to review things.
    • Unassuming—It works like versions ( such as v1, v2, and v3 ) but in contrast, versions create the impression of something that’s big, exhaustive, and complete. Attempts must be exploratory, incomplete, or partial.
    • Future proof—It resolves the “final” naming problem that you can run into with versions. No more files with the title “final final complete no-really-its-done” Within each project, the largest number always represents the latest iteration.

    The wording release candidate (RC ) could be used to describe a design as complete enough to be worked on, even if there might be some bits that still need more attention and in turn, more iterations would be required, such as” with i8 we reached RC” or “i12 is an RC” to indicate when it is finished.

    The review

    A back-and-forth between two people that can be very productive typically occurs during a design critique. This approach is particularly effective during live, synchronous feedback. However, when we work asynchronously, it is more effective to adopt a different strategy: we can adopt a user-research mindset. Written feedback from teammates, stakeholders, or others can be treated as if it were the result of user interviews and surveys, and we can analyze it accordingly.

    Asynchronous feedback is particularly effective around these friction points because of this shift’s significant benefits:

    1. It removes the pressure to reply to everyone.
    2. It lessens the annoyance of snoop-by comments.
    3. It lessens our personal stake.

    The first friction point is having to press yourself to respond to each and every comment. Sometimes we write the iteration post, and we get replies from our team. It’s simple, straightforward, and doesn’t cause any issues. But other times, some solutions might require more in-depth discussions, and the amount of replies can quickly increase, which can create a tension between trying to be a good team player by replying to everyone and doing the next design iteration. If the respondent is a stakeholder or a person directly involved in the project, this might be especially true. We need to accept that this pressure is absolutely normal, and it’s human nature to try to accommodate people who we care about. Responding to all comments at times can be effective, but when we consider a design critique more like user research, we realize that we don’t need to respond to every comment, and there are alternatives in asynchronous spaces:

      One is to let the next iteration speak for itself. When the design changes and we publish a follow-up iteration, that’s the response. You might tag all the people who were involved in the previous discussion, but even that’s a choice, not a requirement.
    • Another option is to respond politely to acknowledge each comment, such as” Understood. Thank you”,” Good points— I’ll review”, or” Thanks. These will be included in the upcoming iteration. In some cases, this could also be just a single top-level comment along the lines of” Thanks for all the feedback everyone—the next iteration is coming soon”!
    • Another option is to provide a quick summary of the comments before moving on. Depending on your workflow, this can be particularly useful as it can provide a simplified checklist that you can then use for the next iteration.

    The swoop-by comment, which is the kind of feedback that comes from a member of a team or non-project who might not be aware of the context, restrictions, decisions, or requirements, or of the discussions from earlier iterations, is the second friction point. On their side, there’s something that one can hope that they might learn: they could start to acknowledge that they’re doing this and they could be more conscious in outlining where they’re coming from. Swoop-by comments frequently prompt the simple thought,” We’ve already discussed this,” and it can be frustrating to have to keep coming back and forth.

    Let’s begin by acknowledging again that there’s no need to reply to every comment. However, a brief response with a link to the previous discussion for additional information is typically sufficient if responding to a previously litigated point might be helpful. Remember, alignment comes from repetition, so it’s okay to repeat things sometimes!

    Swoop-by commenting can still be useful for two reasons: first, they might point out something that isn’t clear, and second, they might have the power to fit in with a user’s perspective when they are seeing the design for the first time. Sure, you’ll still be frustrated, but that might at least help in dealing with it.

    The personal stake we might have in relation to the design could be the third friction point, which might cause us to feel defensive if the review turned out to be more of a discussion. Treating feedback as user research helps us create a healthy distance between the people giving us feedback and our ego ( because yes, even if we don’t want to admit it, it’s there ). In the end, putting everything in aggregate form helps us to prioritize our work more.

    Always remember that while you need to listen to stakeholders, project owners, and specific advice, you don’t have to accept every piece of feedback. You must examine it and come up with a conclusion that you can support, but sometimes “no” is the best choice.

    As the designer leading the project, you’re in charge of that decision. In the end, everyone has their area of specialization, and the designer has the most background and knowledge to make the best choice. And by listening to the feedback that you’ve received, you’re making sure that it’s also the best and most balanced decision.

    Thanks to Mike Shelton and Brie Anne Demkiw for their contributions to the initial draft of this article.

  • Designing for the Unexpected

    Designing for the Unexpected

    Although I’m not sure when I first heard this statement, it has over the centuries stuck in my mind. How do you generate solutions for scenarios you can’t think? Or create items that are functional on products that have not yet been created?

    Flash, Photoshop, and flexible style

    When I first started designing sites, my go-to technology was Photoshop. I set about making a layout that I would eventually fall content into a 960px cloth. The growth phase was about attaining pixel-perfect reliability using set widths, fixed levels, and absolute placement.

    All of this was altered by Ethan Marcotte’s speak at An Event Apart and the subsequent article in A Checklist Off in 2010. I was sold on reactive style as soon as I heard about it, but I was even terrified. The pixel-perfect models full of special figures that I had formerly prided myself on producing were no longer good enough.

    My first encounter with reactive style didn’t help my fear. My second project was to get an active fixed-width website and make it reactive. You can’t really put responsiveness at the end of a job, which I learned the hard way. To make smooth design, you need to prepare throughout the style stage.

    A new way to style

    Making flexible or smooth websites has always been about removing restrictions and creating content that can be viewed on any system. It relies on the use of percentage-based design, which I immediately achieved with local CSS and power groups:

    .column-span-6 { width: 49%; float: left; margin-right: 0.5%; margin-left: 0.5%;}.column-span-4 { width: 32%; float: left; margin-right: 0.5%; margin-left: 0.5%;}.column-span-3 { width: 24%; float: left; margin-right: 0.5%; margin-left: 0.5%;}

    Therefore with Sass but that I could use @includes to re-use repeated blocks of code and transition to more semantic premium:

    .logo { @include colSpan(6);}.search { @include colSpan(3);}.social-share { @include colSpan(3);}

    Media concerns

    The next ingredient for flexible design is press queries. Without them, regardless of whether the content remained readable, would shrink to fit the available space. ( The exact opposite issue developed with the introduction of a mobile-first approach. )

    Media concerns prevented this by allowing us to add breakpoints where the design could adapt. Like most people, I started out with three breakpoints: one for desktop, one for tablets, and one for mobile. Over the years, I added more and more for phablets, wide screens, and so on. 

    For years, I happily worked this way and improved both my design and front-end skills in the process. The only problem I encountered was making changes to content, since with our Sass grid system in place, there was no way for the site owners to add content without amending the markup—something a small business owner might struggle with. This is because each row in the grid was defined using a div as a container. Adding content meant creating new row markup, which requires a level of HTML knowledge.

    String premium was a mainstay of early flexible design, present in all the frequently used systems like Bootstrap and Skeleton.

    1 of 7
    2 of 7
    3 of 7
    4 of 7
    5 of 7
    6 of 7
    7 of 7

    Another difficulty arose as I moved from a design firm building websites for tiny- to medium-sized companies, to larger in-house teams where I worked across a collection of related sites. In those positions, I began to work more frequently with recyclable parts.

    Our rely on multimedia queries resulted in parts that were tied to frequent window sizes. If the goal of part libraries is modify, then this is a real problem because you can just use these components if the devices you’re designing for correspond to the viewport sizes used in the pattern library—in the process never really hitting that “devices that don’t already occur” goal.

    Then there’s the problem of space. Media concerns allow components to adapt based on the viewport size, but what if I put a component into a sidebar, like in the figure below?

    Container queries: our savior or a false dawn?

    Container queries have long been touted as an improvement upon media queries, but at the time of writing are unsupported in most browsers. There are workarounds for JavaScript, but they can lead to dependencies and compatibility issues. The basic theory underlying container queries is that elements should change based on the size of their parent container and not the viewport width, as seen in the following illustrations.

    One of the biggest arguments in favor of container queries is that they help us create components or design patterns that are truly reusable because they can be picked up and placed anywhere in a layout. This is an important step in moving toward a form of component-based design that works at any size on any device.

    In other words, responsive layouts are to be replaced by responsive components.

    Container queries will help us move from designing pages that respond to the browser or device size to designing components that can be placed in a sidebar or in the main content, and respond accordingly.

    My issue is that layout is still used to determine when a design needs to adapt. This approach will always be restrictive, as we will still need pre-defined breakpoints. For this reason, my main question with container queries is, How would we decide when to change the CSS used by a component?

    The best place to make that choice is probably a component library that is disconnected from context and real content.

    As the diagrams below illustrate, we can use container queries to create designs for specific container widths, but what if I want to change the design based on the image size or ratio?

    In this example, the dimensions of the container are not what should dictate the design, rather, the image is.

    Without having strong cross-browser support for them, it’s difficult to say for certain whether container queries will be a success story. Responsive component libraries would definitely evolve how we design and would improve the possibilities for reuse and design at scale. However, we might always need to modify these elements to fit our content.

    CSS is changing

    Whilst the container query debate rumbles on, there have been numerous advances in CSS that change the way we think about design. The days of fixed-width elements measured in pixels and floated div elements used to cobble layouts together are long gone, consigned to history along with table layouts. Flexbox and CSS Grid have revolutionized layouts for the web. We can now create elements that wrap onto new rows when they run out of space, not when the device changes.

    .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, 450px); gap: 10px;}

    The repeat() function paired with auto-fit or auto-fill allows us to specify how much space each column should use while leaving it up to the browser to decide when to spill the columns onto a new line. Similar things can be achieved with Flexbox, as elements can wrap over multiple rows and “flex” to fill available space. 

    .wrapper { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between;}.child { flex-basis: 32%; margin-bottom: 20px;}

    You don’t need to wrap elements in container rows, which is the biggest benefit of all of this. Without rows, content isn’t tied to page markup in quite the same way, allowing for removals or additions of content without additional development.

    This is a big step forward when it comes to creating designs that allow for evolving content, but the real game changer for flexible designs is CSS Subgrid.

    Remember the days of crafting perfectly aligned interfaces, only for the customer to add an unbelievably long header almost as soon as they’re given CMS access, like the illustration below?

    Subgrid allows elements to respond to adjustments in their own content and in the content of sibling elements, helping us create designs more resilient to change.

    .wrapper { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(150px, 1fr)); grid-template-rows: auto 1fr auto; gap: 10px;}.sub-grid { display: grid; grid-row: span 3; grid-template-rows: subgrid; /* sets rows to parent grid */}

    CSS Grid allows us to separate layout and content, thereby enabling flexible designs. Meanwhile, Subgrid allows us to create designs that can adapt in order to suit morphing content. Subgrid is only supported by Firefox at the time of writing, but the above code can be implemented behind an @supports feature query.

    Intrinsic layouts

    I’d be remiss not to mention intrinsic layouts, a term used by Jen Simmons to describe a mix of contemporary and traditional CSS features used to create layouts that respond to available space.

    Responsive layouts have flexible columns using percentages. Intrinsic layouts, on the other hand, use the fr unit to create flexible columns that won’t ever shrink so much that they render the content illegible.

    frunits is a statement that says I want you to distribute the extra space in this manner, but never that it should be smaller than the content inside.

    —Jen Simmons,” Designing Intrinsic Layouts”

    Additionally, intrinsic layouts can mix and match both fixed and flexible units, letting the content choose how much space is taken up.

    What makes intrinsic design stand out is that it not only creates designs that can withstand future devices but also helps scale design without losing flexibility. Without having the same breakpoints or the same amount of content as in the previous implementation, components and patterns can be lifted and reused.

    We can now create designs that adapt to the space they have, the content within them, and the content around them. We can create responsive components using an intrinsic approach without relying on container queries.

    Another 2010 moment?

    This intrinsic approach should in my view be every bit as groundbreaking as responsive web design was ten years ago. It’s another instance of “everything changed,” in my opinion.

    But it doesn’t seem to be moving quite as fast, I haven’t yet had that same career-changing moment I had with responsive design, despite the widely shared and brilliant talk that brought it to my attention.

    One possible explanation for that might be that I now work for a sizable company, which is significantly different from the role I held as a design agency in 2010: In my agency days, every new project was a clean slate, a chance to try something new. Nowadays, projects use existing tools and frameworks and are often improvements to existing websites with an existing codebase.

    Another possibility is that I’m now more prepared for change. In 2010 I was new to design in general, the shift was frightening and required a lot of learning. Additionally, an intrinsic approach isn’t exactly all-new; it’s about applying existing skills and CSS knowledge in a unique way.

    You can’t framework your way out of a content problem

    Another reason for the slightly slower adoption of intrinsic design could be the lack of quick-fix framework solutions available to kick-start the change.

    Ten years ago, responsive grid systems were everywhere. With a framework like Bootstrap or Skeleton, you had a responsive design template at your fingertips.

    Because having a selection of units is a hindrance when creating layout templates, intrinsic design and frameworks do not work together quite as well. The beauty of intrinsic design is combining different units and experimenting with techniques to get the best for your content.

    And then there are design tools. We probably all used Photoshop templates for desktop, tablet, and mobile devices at some point in our careers to drop designs in and demonstrate how the site would look at each of the three stages.

    How do you do that now, with each component responding to content and layouts flexing as and when they need to? Personally, I’m a big fan of this kind of design in the browser.

    The debate about “whether designers should code” is another that has rumbled on for years. When designing a digital product, we should, at the very least, design for a best- and worst-case scenario when it comes to content. It’s not ideal to implement this in a graphics-based software package. In code, we can add longer sentences, more radio buttons, and extra tabs, and watch in real time as the design adapts. Still in use? Is the design too reliant on the current content?

    Personally, I look forward to the day intrinsic design is the standard for design, when a design component can be truly flexible and adapt to both its space and content with no reliance on device or container dimensions.

    Content should come first

    Content is not constant. After all, to design for the unanticipated or unexpected, we must take into account changes in content, like in our earlier Subgrid card illustration, which allowed the cards to modify both their own content and that of their sibling components.

    Thankfully, there’s more to CSS than layout, and plenty of properties and values can help us put content first. Subgrid and pseudo-elements like ::first-line and ::first-letter help to separate design from markup so we can create designs that allow for changes.

    Instead of dated markup tricks like this —

    First line of text with different styling...

    —we can target content based on where it appears.

    .element::first-line { font-size: 1.4em;}.element::first-letter { color: red;}

    Much bigger additions to CSS include logical properties, which change the way we construct designs using logical dimensions (start and end) instead of physical ones (left and right), something CSS Grid also does with functions like min(), max(), and clamp().

    This flexibility allows for directional changes according to content, a common requirement when we need to present content in multiple languages. In the past, this was often achieved with Sass mixins but was often limited to switching from left-to-right to right-to-left orientation.

    Directional variables must be set in the Sass version.

    $direction: rtl;$opposite-direction: ltr;$start-direction: right;$end-direction: left;

    These variables can be used as values—

    body { direction: $direction; text-align: $start-direction;}

    —or as real estate.

    margin-#{$end-direction}: 10px;padding-#{$start-direction}: 10px;

    However, now we have native logical properties, removing the reliance on both Sass ( or a similar tool ) and pre-planning that necessitated using variables throughout a codebase. These properties also start to break apart the tight coupling between a design and strict physical dimensions, creating more flexibility for changes in language and in direction.

    margin-block-end: 10px;padding-block-start: 10px;

    There are also native start and end values for properties like text-align, which means we can replace text-align: right with text-align: start.

    Like the earlier examples, these properties help to build out designs that aren’t constrained to one language, the design will reflect the content’s needs.

    Fluid and fixed

    We briefly covered the power of combining fixed widths with fluid widths with intrinsic layouts. The min() and max() functions are a similar concept, allowing you to specify a fixed value with a flexible alternative. 

    For min() this means setting a fluid minimum value and a maximum fixed value.

    .element { width: min(50%, 300px);}

    The element in the figure above will be 50 % of its container as long as the element’s width doesn’t exceed 300px.

    For max() we can set a flexible max value and a minimum fixed value.

    .element { width: max(50%, 300px);}

    Now the element will be 50 % of its container as long as the element’s width is at least 300px. This means we can set limits but allow content to react to the available space.

    The clamp() function builds on this by allowing us to set a preferred value with a third parameter. Now we can allow the element to shrink or grow if it needs to without getting to a point where it becomes unusable.

    .element { width: clamp(300px, 50%, 600px);}

    This time, the element’s width will be 50 % of its container’s preferred value, with no exceptions for 300px and 600px.

    With these techniques, we have a content-first approach to responsive design. We can separate content from markup, meaning the changes users make will not affect the design. By making plans for unanticipated changes in language or direction, we can begin to future-proof designs. And we can increase flexibility by setting desired dimensions alongside flexible alternatives, allowing for more or less content to be displayed correctly.

    First, the circumstances

    Thanks to what we’ve discussed so far, we can cover device flexibility by changing our approach, designing around content and space instead of catering to devices. But what about that last bit of Jeffrey Zeldman’s quote,”… situations you haven’t imagined”?

    It’s a completely different design process for someone using a mobile phone and moving through a crowded street in glaring sunshine from a person using a desktop computer. Situations and environments are hard to plan for or predict because they change as people react to their own unique challenges and tasks.

    This is why making a choice is so crucial. One size never fits all, so we need to design for multiple scenarios to create equal experiences for all our users.

    Thankfully, there is a lot we can do to provide choice.

    Responsible design is important.

    ” There are parts of the world where mobile data is prohibitively expensive, and where there is little or no broadband infrastructure”.

    On a 50 MB budget, I spent a day surfing the web.

    Chris Ashton

    One of the biggest assumptions we make is that people interacting with our designs have a good wifi connection and a wide screen monitor. However, in the real world, our users may be commuters using smaller mobile devices that may experience drops in connectivity while traveling on trains or other modes of transportation. There is nothing more frustrating than a web page that won’t load, but there are ways we can help users use less data or deal with sporadic connectivity.

    The srcset attribute allows the browser to decide which image to serve. This means we can create smaller ‘cropped’ images to display on mobile devices in turn using less bandwidth and less data.

    Image alt text

    The preload attribute can also help us to think about how and when media is downloaded. It can be used to tell a browser about any critical assets that need to be downloaded with high priority, improving perceived performance and the user experience. 

      

    There’s also native lazy loading, which indicates assets that should only be downloaded when they are needed.

    …

    With srcset, preload, and lazy loading, we can start to tailor a user’s experience based on the situation they find themselves in. What none of this does, however, is allow the user themselves to decide what they want downloaded, as the decision is usually the browser’s to make. 

    So how can we put users in control?

    The return of media inquiries

    Media concerns have always been about much more than device sizes. They allow content to adapt to different situations, with screen size being just one of them.

    We’ve long been able to check for media types like print and speech and features such as hover, resolution, and color. These checks allow us to provide options that suit more than one scenario, it’s less about one-size-fits-all and more about serving adaptable content.

    The Level 5 spec for Media Queries is still being developed as of this writing. It introduces some really exciting queries that in the future will help us design for multiple other unexpected situations.

    For instance, there is a light-level feature that enables you to alter a user’s style when they are in the sun or the darkness. Paired with custom properties, these features allow us to quickly create designs or themes for specific environments.

    @media (light-level: normal) { --background-color: #fff; --text-color: #0b0c0c; }@media (light-level: dim) { --background-color: #efd226; --text-color: #0b0c0c;}

    Another key feature of the Level 5 spec is personalization. Instead of creating designs that are the same for everyone, users can choose what works for them. This is achieved by using features like prefers-reduced-data, prefers-color-scheme, and prefers-reduced-motion, the latter two of which already enjoy broad browser support. These features tap into preferences set via the operating system or browser so people don’t have to spend time making each site they visit more usable. 

    Media concerns like this go beyond choices made by a browser to grant more control to the user.

    Expect the unexpected

    In the end, we should always anticipate that things will change. Devices in particular change faster than we can keep up, with foldable screens already on the market.

    We can design for content, but we can’t do it the same way we have for this constantly changing landscape. By putting content first and allowing that content to adapt to whatever space surrounds it, we can create more robust, flexible designs that increase the longevity of our products.

    A lot of the CSS discussed here is about moving away from layouts and putting content at the heart of design. There is a lot more we can do to adopt a more intrinsic approach, from responsive components to fixed and fluid units. Even better, we can test these techniques during the design phase by designing in-browser and watching how our designs adapt in real-time.

    When it comes to unexpected circumstances, we need to make sure our goods are usable when people need them, whenever and wherever that may be. We can move closer to achieving this by involving users in our design decisions, by creating choice via browsers, and by giving control to our users with user-preference-based media queries.

    Good design for the unexpected should allow for change, provide choice, and give control to those we serve: our users themselves.

  • Voice Content and Usability

    Voice Content and Usability

    We’ve been conversing for a long time. Whether to present information, perform transactions, or just to check in on one another, people have yammered aside, chattering and gesticulating, through spoken discussion for many generations. Only recently have we begun to write our discussions, and only recently have we outsourced them to the system, a system that exhibits a significantly higher affection for written letter than for the vernacular rigors of spoken language.

    Laptops have trouble because between spoken and written speech, talk is more primitive. Machines must wrestle with the chaos of human statement, including the squabbling and pauses, the gestures and body vocabulary, and the dialect variations that can impede even the most skillfully created human-computer conversation. In the human-to-human situation, spoken language also has the opportunity of face-to-face call, where we can easily interpret visual interpersonal cues.

    In contrast, written language develops its own fossil record of dated terms and phrases as we report it and retain utilization long after they are no longer relevant in spoken communication ( for example, the welcome” To whom it may concern” ). Because it tends to be more consistent, smooth, and proper, written word is necessarily far easier for devices to interpret and know.

    This luxury is not available in spoken language. Besides the nonverbal cues that decorate conversations with emphasis and emotional context, there are also verbal cues and vocal behaviors that modulate conversation in nuanced ways: how something is said, not what. Our spoken language reaches far beyond what the written word can ever deliver, whether it’s rapid-fire, low-pitched, high-decibel, sarcastic, stilted, or sighing. So when it comes to voice interfaces—the machines we conduct spoken conversations with—we face exciting challenges as designers and content strategists.

    Voice-to-text interactions

    We interact with voice interfaces for a variety of reasons, but according to Michael McTear, Zoraida Callejas, and David Griol in The Conversational Interface, those motivations by and large mirror the reasons we initiate conversations with other people, too ( ). We typically strike up a discussion in the following ways:

    • we need something done ( such as a transaction ),
    • we want to know something, some kind of information, or
    • we are social beings and want someone to talk to ( conversation for conversation’s sake ).

    These three categories, which I refer to as transactional, informational, and prosocial, also apply to essentially every voice interaction: a single conversation that starts with the voice interface’s first greeting and ends with the user leaving the interface. Note here that a conversation in our human sense—a chat between people that leads to some result and lasts an arbitrary length of time—could encompass multiple transactional, informational, and prosocial voice interactions in succession. In other words, a voice interaction is a conversation, but it may not always be one voice interaction.

    Purely prosocial conversations are more gimmicky than captivating in most voice interfaces, because machines don’t yet have the capacity to really want to know how we’re doing and to do the sort of glad-handing humans crave. Additionally, there is a debate about whether users actually prefer organic human conversations that start with prosocial voiceovers and then seamlessly transition to other types. In fact, in Voice User Interface Design, Michael Cohen, James Giangola, and Jennifer Balogh recommend sticking to users ‘ expectations by mimicking how they interact with other voice interfaces rather than trying too hard to be human—potentially alienating them in the process ( ).

    That leaves two different types of conversations we can have with one another that a voice interface can also have easily, such as one that focuses on a transactional voice interaction ( buying iced tea ) and another on learning something new ( discuss a musical ).

    Transactional voice interactions

    When you order a Hawaiian pizza with extra pineapple, you’re typically having a conversation and a voice interaction when you’re tapping buttons on a food delivery app. Even when we walk up to the counter and place an order, the conversation quickly pivots from an initial smattering of neighborly small talk to the real mission at hand: ordering a pizza ( generously topped with pineapple, as it should be ).

    Alison: Hey, how are things going?

    Burhan: Hi, welcome to Crust Deluxe! It’s chilly outside. How can I help you?

    Can I get a Hawaiian pizza with extra pineapple, Alison?

    Burhan: Sure, what size?

    Alison: Big.

    Burhan: Anything else?

    Alison: No, that’s it.

    Burhan: Something to drink?

    Alison: I’ll have a bottle of Coke.

    Burhan: You got it. It will cost about$ 15 and take fifteen minutes to complete.

    Each progressive disclosure in this transactional conversation reveals more and more of the desired outcome of the transaction: a service rendered or a product delivered. Transactional conversations exhibit a few key characteristics: they’re direct, to the point, and economical. They quickly dispense with pleasantries.

    Informational voice interactions

    Meanwhile, some conversations are primarily about obtaining information. Alison might visit Crust Deluxe with the sole intention of placing an order, but she might not want to leave with a pizza at all. She might be just as interested in whether they serve halal or kosher dishes, gluten-free options, or something else. Even though we have a prosocial mini-conversation once more at the beginning to establish politeness, we’re after much more.

    Alison: Hey, how are things going?

    Burhan: Hi, welcome to Crust Deluxe! It’s chilly outside. How can I help you?

    Alison: Can I ask a few questions?

    Burhan: Of course! Go right ahead.

    Do you have any halal options available on the menu, Alison?

    Burhan: Absolutely! On request, we can make any pie halal. We also have lots of vegetarian, ovo-lacto, and vegan options. Do you have any other dietary restrictions in mind?

    Alison: What about gluten-free pizzas?

    Burhan: For both our deep-dish and thin-crust pizzas, we can definitely make a gluten-free crust for you. Anything else I can answer for you?

    Alison: That’s it for now. Good to know. Thank you.

    Burhan: Anytime, come back soon!

    This dialogue is radically different. Here, the goal is to get a certain set of facts. Informational conversations are research expeditions that seek the truth through information gathering. Voice interactions that are informational might be more long-winded than transactional conversations by necessity. Responses are typically longer, more in-depth, and carefully communicated to ensure that the customer understands the main ideas.

    Voice Interfaces

    Voice interfaces essentially use speech to assist users in accomplishing their objectives. But simply because an interface has a voice component doesn’t mean that every user interaction with it is mediated through voice. We’re most concerned with pure voice interfaces, which are completely dependent on spoken conversation and lack any visual component, making them much more nuanced and challenging to deal with because multimodal voice interfaces can lean on visual components like screens as crutches.

    Though voice interfaces have long been integral to the imagined future of humanity in science fiction, only recently have those lofty visions become fully realized in genuine voice interfaces.

    IVR ( interactive voice response ) systems

    Though written conversational interfaces have been fixtures of computing for many decades, voice interfaces first emerged in the early 1990s with text-to-speech ( TTS ) dictation programs that recited written text aloud, as well as speech-enabled in-car systems that gave directions to a user-provided address. We became familiar with the first real voice interfaces that could actually be spoken with the help of interactive voice response ( IVR ) systems, which were developed as an alternative to overburdened customer service representatives.

    IVR systems allowed organizations to reduce their reliance on call centers but soon became notorious for their clunkiness. These systems, which are commonplace in the corporate world, were primarily intended as metaphorical switchboards to direct customers to real phone agents (” Say Reservations to book a flight or check an itinerary” ), and it is likely that when you call an airline or hotel conglomerate, you will have the opportunity to have a conversation with one. Despite their functional issues and users ‘ frustration with their inability to speak to an actual human right away, IVR systems proliferated in the early 1990s across a variety of industries (, PDF).

    IVR systems have a reputation for having less scintillating conversations than we’re used to in real life ( or even in science fiction ), despite being extremely repetitive and monotonous.

    Screen readers

    The invention of the screen reader, a tool that converts visual content into synthesized speech, was a development of IVR systems in parallel. For Blind or visually impaired website users, it’s the predominant method of interacting with text, multimedia, or form elements. The most recent version of a voice-over-text format of content delivery is probably the one that is closest to it.

    Among the first screen readers known by that moniker was the Screen Reader for the BBC Micro and NEEC Portable developed by the Research Centre for the Education of the Visually Handicapped (RCEVH) at the University of Birmingham in 1986 ( ). The first IBM Screen Reader for text-based computers was created by Jim Thatcher in the same year, which was later recreated for computers with graphical user interfaces ( GUIs ) ( ).

    With the rapid growth of the web in the 1990s, the demand for accessible tools for websites exploded. Screen readers started facilitating quick interactions with web pages that ostensibly allow disabled users to traverse the page as an aural and temporal space rather than a visual and physical one with the introduction of semantic HTML and especially ARIA roles in 2008, enabling speedy interactions with the pages. In other words, screen readers for the web “provide mechanisms that translate visual design constructs—proximity, proportion, etc. in A List Apart, writes Aaron Gustafson, “into useful information.” ” At least they do when documents are authored thoughtfully” ( ).

    There is a big draw for screen readers: they’re challenging to use and relentlessly verbose, despite being incredibly instructive for voice interface designers. The visual structures of websites and web navigation don’t translate well to screen readers, sometimes resulting in unwieldy pronouncements that name every manipulable HTML element and announce every formatting change. Working with web-based interfaces is a cognitive burden for many screen reader users.

    In Wired, accessibility advocate and voice engineer Chris Maury considers why the screen reader experience is ill-suited to users relying on voice:

    I disliked the operation of Screen Readers from the beginning. Why are they designed the way they are? It makes no sense to present information visually and then only to have that information translated into audio. All of the time and energy that goes into creating the perfect user experience for an app is wasted, or even worse, adversely impacting the experience for blind users. __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

    In many cases, well-designed voice interfaces can speed users to their destination better than long-winded screen reader monologues. After all, users of the visual interface have the advantage of freely scurrying around the viewport to find information, ignoring areas that are unimportant to them. Blind users, meanwhile, are obligated to listen to every utterance synthesized into speech and therefore prize brevity and efficiency. Users with disabilities who have long had no choice but to use clumsy screen readers might benefit from more streamlined user interfaces, especially more advanced voice assistants.

    Voice assistants

    Many of us immediately associate voice assistants with the popular subset of voice interfaces found in living rooms, smart homes, and offices with the film Star Trek or with Majel Barrett’s voice as the omniscient computer. Voice assistants are akin to personal concierges that can answer questions, schedule appointments, conduct searches, and perform other common day-to-day tasks. And they’re quickly gaining more attention from accessibility advocates for their assistive potential.

    Before the earliest IVR systems found success in the enterprise, Apple published a demonstration video in 1987 depicting the Knowledge Navigator, a voice assistant that could transcribe spoken words and recognize human speech to a great degree of accuracy. Then, in 2001, Tim Berners-Lee and others created their vision for a” semantic web agent” that would carry out routine tasks like” checking calendars, making appointments, and finding locations” ( hinter paywall ). It wasn’t until 2011 that Apple’s Siri finally entered the picture, making voice assistants a tangible reality for consumers.

    There are a lot of variations in the programmability and customization of some voice assistants compared to others ( Fig. 1 ). As a result of the breadth of voice assistants available today ( Fig. 1 ). At one extreme, everything except vendor-provided features is locked down, for example, at the time of their release, the core functionality of Apple’s Siri and Microsoft’s Cortana couldn’t be extended beyond their existing capabilities. There are no other means by which developers can interact with Siri at a low level, aside from predefined categories of tasks like sending messages, hailing rideshares, making restaurant reservations, and other things, so even now it isn’t possible to program Siri to perform arbitrary functions.

    At the opposite end of the spectrum, voice assistants like Amazon Alexa and Google Home offer a core foundation on which developers can build custom voice interfaces. For this reason, developers who feel stifled by the limitations of Siri and Cortana are increasingly using programmable voice assistants that are capable of customization and extensibility. Amazon offers the Alexa Skills Kit, a developer framework for building custom voice interfaces for Amazon Alexa, while Google Home offers the ability to program arbitrary Google Assistant skills. Users of the Amazon Alexa and Google Assistant ecosystems can choose from among the thousands of custom-built skills available today.

    As businesses like Amazon, Apple, Microsoft, and Google continue to occupy their positions, they’re also selling and open-sourcing an unheard array of tools and frameworks for designers and developers that aim to make creating voice interfaces as simple as possible, even without code.

    Often by necessity, voice assistants like Amazon Alexa tend to be monochannel—they’re tightly coupled to a device and can’t be accessed on a computer or smartphone instead. In contrast, many development platforms, such as Google’s Dialogflow, have omnichannel capabilities that allow users to create a single conversational interface that then manifests as a voice interface, textual chatbot, and IVR system upon deployment. I don’t prescribe any specific implementation approaches in this design-focused book, but in Chapter 4 we’ll get into some of the implications these variables might have on the way you build out your design artifacts.

    Voice content

    Simply put, voice content is content delivered through voice. Voice content must be free-flowing and organic, contextless and concise—everything written content isn’t enough to preserve what makes human conversation so compelling in the first place.

    Our world is replete with voice content in various forms: screen readers reciting website content, voice assistants rattling off a weather forecast, and automated phone hotline responses governed by IVR systems. We’re most concerned with the audiobook content being delivered as a requirement rather than an option.

    For many of us, our first foray into informational voice interfaces will be to deliver content to users. One issue is that any content we already have isn’t in any way suitable for this new environment. So how do we make the content trapped on our websites more conversational? And how do we create fresh copy that works with voice movements?

    Lately, we’ve begun slicing and dicing our content in unprecedented ways. Websites are, in many ways, colossal vaults of what I call macrocontent: lengthy prose that can last for miles in a browser window, like microfilm viewers of newspaper archives. Back in 2002, well before the present-day ubiquity of voice assistants, technologist Anil Dash defined microcontent as permalinked pieces of content that stay legible regardless of environment, such as email or text messages:

    An example of microcontent can be a day’s weather forecast [sic], an airplane flight’s arrival and departure times, an abstract from a lengthy publication, or a single instant message. __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

    I would update Dash’s definition of microcontent to include all instances of bite-sized content that goes beyond written communiqués. After all, today we encounter microcontent in interfaces where a small snippet of copy is displayed alone, unmoored from the browser, like a textbot confirmation of a restaurant reservation. The best way to learn how to stretch your content to the limits of its potential is through microcontent, which will inform both established and new delivery methods.

    As microcontent, voice content is unique because it’s an example of how content is experienced in time rather than in space. We can instantly see when the next train is coming from a digital sign underground, but voice interfaces keep our attention occupied for so long that screen reader users are all too familiar.

    Because microcontent is fundamentally made up of isolated blobs with no relation to the channels where they’ll eventually end up, we need to ensure that our microcontent truly performs well as voice content—and that means focusing on the two most important traits of robust voice content: voice content legibility and voice content discoverability.

    Our voice content’s legibility and discoverability in general both depend on how it manifests in terms of perceived space and time.